Introduction: Energy drinks are widely used among youth as boosters to increase their concentration. Many Health disorders are associated with energy drinks. Avocado oil is a natural oil extracted from avocado fruit and possess an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Aim of the Work: This work was conducted to investigate the effect of energy drink on the histological structure of the pancreas of adult male albino rat and to evaluate the possible protective role of avocado oil. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided equally into 4 groups; control group, avocado oil-treated group (0.4 mg/100 gm body weight), energy drink-treated group (1.5 mg/100 gm body weight) and both avocado oil and energy drink treated group. All rats were orally administrated once daily for 4 weeks. Pancreatic specimens were processed for light and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical study was performed using insulin and caspase-3 antibodies. Results: Energy drink-treated group revealed focal disturbed architecture of the exocrine and endocrine parts of pancreas. The exocrine pancreas appeared with cytoplasmic vacuolations and deeply stained nuclei of the acinar cells in addition to congested blood vessels. Ultrastructural examination revealed both acinar and islet cells with cytoplasmic vacuolations, swollen mitochondria with disrupted cristae, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum in addition to shrunken condensed nuclei with dilated perinuclear cisternae. The immunohistochemical study showed a significant decrease in the insulin immunoreaction of β cells associated with a significant increase in caspase-3 immunoreaction in acinar and islet cells. In contrast, minimal changes were observed in rats treated concomitantly with avocado oil and energy drink with a non-significant change in the immunohistochemical reaction. Conclusion: Energy drink induced structural changes in the pancreas of rats and the concomitant administration of avocado oil could to some degree ameliorate such changes.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common diseases in the world. It is essential to find an efficient natural protective agent against the myocardial damage. Aim: To determine the protective role of different doses of vitamin E against isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage. Material and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into four main groups: Control group (I), vitamin E-treated group (II) equally divided into 2 subgroups; subgroup (IIa) received Vit E (50mg/kg) and subgroup (IIb) received Vit E (100mg/kg) for one month, isoproterenol-treated group (III) received 3ml normal saline orally for one month and isoproterenol (150mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) in the last two days of that month. Vitamin E and isoproterenol-treated group (IV) equally divided into two subgroups; Subgroup (IVa) received vitamin E (50mg/kg) orally for one month and isoproterenol (150mg/kg) IP in the last two days of that month and subgroup (IVb) received vitamin E (100mg/kg) orally for one month and isoproterenol (150mg/kg) IP in the last two days of that month. Heart specimens were processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Results: Rats injected by isoproterenol developed structural changes in the myocardium in the form of fragmentation of the myofibrils, vacuolated destroyed mitochondria, dilated SER, intracellular and extracellular edema and interstitial mononuclear cellular infiltration. Animals pretreated with vitamin E at a dose of 50mg/kg before injection of isoproterenol revealed minimal protection as they showed myocardial damage similar to isoproterenol-treated group. While animals pretreated with vitamin E at a dose of 100 mg/kg before injection of isoproterenol showed minimal microscopic alterations of the myocardium with preservation of the normal structure of the cardiac myocytes. Conclusion: Vitamin E at a high dose (100mg/kg) has a protective role on myocardium against isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage.