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The rehabilitation of children affected by early traumatic facial deformity is a challenge for both the craniofacial team and the child's family. Although the immediate goals of surgery are to restore both form and function, the psychological needs of the growing child must also be addressed. Early surgery may be required to assist integration of the child into the community and thereby avert both social isolation and stigmatization of the child. Timed correctly, such surgery has the potential to harness the patient's own growth to assist in correction of the deformity and to maintain some of the surgical gains. The use of autogenous tissue rather than nondegradable implants to facilitate craniofacial reconstruction in the growing child avoids some of the concerns associated with permanent implants. These include both their potential to adversely affect growth and to migrate. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how advances in tissue adhesion using protein polymers (BioGlue®; CryoLife, Inc., Kennesaw, GA) and bone regeneration techniques (distraction osteogenesis) have been used to correct the disfiguring and functional problems associated with unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis acquired in early childhood.

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