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At the 2nd Surgical Clinic of Brno we replace the aortic valve by a Starr-Edwards prosthesis in suitable patients. The technique we use is as follows:The prosthesis is sutured to the aortic wall by single 4-0 orsilon stitches after the deformed cusps of the valve have been excised. We place the stitches in an axial direction, parallel to one another, and in one row. They are passed below the orifices of the coronary arteries and pass through the original attachment of the aortic valve. We also pass one stitch into each of the three commissures; the other stitches, being three to four in number according to the size of the valve, we pass into the remaining valve cusp. After this we pass these stitches through the teflon cuff of the prosthesis. When all the stitches are in place we put the prosthesis into the aorta under the orifice of the coronary arteries and tie the stitches.The object of this communication is to describe an unusual complication that occurred during the replacement of an aortic valve in the way described above. There were no unusual features about the clinical condition or the operative technique in the patient concerned. He was a man aged 45 suffering from calcific aortic stenosis. The artificial heart-lung apparatus was used and the valve was sutured into position during extracorporeal circulation. When the operation on the valve had been completed there was some difficulty in resuscitating the heart. The beat was weak and episodes of ventricular fibrillation occurred. It was necessary on several occasions to resume extracorporeal circulation, and eventually pulmonary oedema occurred which was rapidly followed by death. Necropsy revealed that the valve had been sutured into position correctly (Fig. 1). The orifices of both coronary arteries were free and all the stitches had been tied accurately and without a dehiscence. When the left ventricle was opened, however, it was immediately apparent that loops from two of the stitches had passed across the base of the valve, thus preventing the ball from fitting into the cup in diastole (Fig. 2)

No abstract

The effect of swimming instantly following an injection of isoproterenol was studied in rats in whom the administration of the drug caused changes in the cardiac muscle. The animals were compared with those of a group kept only under normal cage activity after the administration. Oxygen inhalation in the exercised group of rats was higher than in the sedentary group and after 4 minutes of measuring, continually remained at a higher level. It was determined that swimming prevented the early death of the rats. This was more pronounced in the animals of higher body weight. The extent of myocardial damage in the exercised group was markedly smaller. The intensity of enzyme reaction, SDH, LDH and G6PDH, in the area of undamaged tissue was the same in both the exercised and sedentary groups, in areas of damage it was minimal. The intensity of alpha GP was lowered in the exercised group, but in the sedentary group it was lowered throughout the entire section. Electron optic examination of the tissue, which under the light microscope appeared normal, revealed no substantial differences between the exercised and sedentary groups. We presume that the better condition of the rats was in part due to the peripheral breakdown of the catecholamine owing to the increased blood flow created by muscular activity.