A protocol for indirect shoot organogenesis of Solanum melongena 'Larga Negra' and 'Black Beauty' was established using hypocotyl and cotyledon derived calluses. The maximum morphogenic callus induction was observed from cultured cotyledons of 30-days old seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.0 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid and 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine. The highest percentage of shoot regeneration and the highest mean number of shoots/callus were obtained on hormone-free MS medium. In terms of callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration, cotyledon explants were more responsive than hypocotyl explants. Regenerated shoots (2-3 cm) were rooted on MS hormone-free medium or medium containing 0.1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. About 90% of regenerated plantlets survived under field conditions after hardening in the glasshouse. Several somaclones exhibiting useful variation would to be proposed as initial plant material for eggplant breeding programs.Keywords: callus tissue, eggplant, explants, growth regulator, plant regeneration, somaclonal variation Abbreviations: BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), IAA (indole acetic acid), IBA (indole-3-butyric acid), Kn (kinetin), NAA (α-naphthalene acetic acid), PGRs (plant growth regulators), TDZ (thidiazuron), 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) РЕЗЮМЕ Разработена е ефективна система за растителна регенерация чрез индиректен органогенезис при два сорта патладжан (Solanum melongena), която представлява източник на нови форми растения, ценни като изходен материал за селекционни програми. Подробно са описани всички етапи и условия на култивиране, които водят до получаването на растителни регенеранти и успешно развитие в полски уславия.Ключови думи: експланти, калусна тъкан, патладжан, растежен регулатор, регенерация на растенията, сомаклонално вариране 446Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2012, 13(3), p.446-457 DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/13.3.1070 РАЗШИРЕНО РЕЗЮМЕ Разработен е протокол за индиректен органогенезис при Solanum melongena от калусни култури, получени от два вида експланти (хипокотили и котиледони). В изследването са включени два сорта патладжан -Larga Negra и Black Beauty. Индуциране на морфогенетичен калус е наблюдаван при котиледони от 30-дневни кълнове, култивирани върху среда Murashige and Skoog (MS), съдържаща 2.0 mg/l α-нафтилоцетна киселина и 0.5 mg/l 6-бензиламинопурин. Определени са цвета, консистенцията и структурата на калуса. Преобладаващата част от експлантите формират калус на 14-15 ден от култивирането. Най-висок процент на регенерация и среден брой пъпки от калус са получени на МС среда без фитохормони. Установено е, че отговорът на котиледоните към формиране на калуси и последваща растителна регенерация е по-висок от този на хипокотилите. Растенията-регенеранти са вкоренени на МС среда без растежен регулатор или на среда, съдържаща 0.1 mg/l индолилмаслена киселина. Степента на преживяемост на регенерантите при полски условия е около 90 %. Получени са сомаклонални вариации, които биха могли да бъдат използвани като изх...
Drought tolerance of two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes, cultivated cultivar 1114 and interspecific line H. annuus × H. mollis, was studied under laboratory conditions using PEG-6000. Four levels of osmotic stress (-0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa) were created and performances were monitored against a control. Physiological and biochemical stress determining parameters such as malondialdechyde (MDA), proline content, and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) were compared between seedlings of both genotypes. The results indicated that both genotypes have similar responses at four osmotic potentials for all traits studied. All seedling growth parameters such as germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root and shoot dry weight decreased with increasing osmotic stress. MDA, proline, and H 2 O 2 were found to be increased at different osmotic gradients in comparison to control. Cultivar 1114 was less affected than the interspecific line under these stress conditions. The data observed in the experiments revealed that perennial wild H. mollis can hardly be considered to be an excellent candidate of drought tolerance genes.
Abstract:Intergeneric cross was made between the cultivated sunflower inbred line HA89 and an accession of wild Verbesina encelioides tolerant to drought and high temperature. The line was a BC 2 F 5 progeny. The most remarkable feature of the plants was their compact architecture due to short petiole length and also, rather specific bright-yellow inflorescences. Similar plant architecture did not exist in either the wild or the cultivated parent. For sunflower, it is considered as a favourable and potentially useful adaptive trait. The line was multi-branched of medium type branching and possessed good agronomic characteristics.TheoverallcharacteristicsofHA-VERBENClinemakeitausefulplantmaterialforresearchonwidehybridization.
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