In a bacteriological study of 412 samples of the udder secretion of sick cows with mastitis, 121 cultures of microorganisms of 15 species were isolated, which were represented in 54.9% of cases by gram-positive cocci, the remaining 45.1% by representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae and Ps. aeruginosa, staphylococci prevailed - 28.6%, streptococci - 22.6%, enterococci - 19.2%. When the incidence of cows with mastitis is more than 30%, the microflora was isolated from 81.8% of udder secretion samples, including pathogenic microflora (Staph. aureus, E. coli) - in 32.7% of cases, conditionally pathogenic (C. diversus, Ent. faecalis) - 23.6% and 20.0% - saprophytic microflora (Staph. saprophyticus, Staph. epidermidis, Ent. aerogenes, Ps. aeruginosa) and fungi (Сandida) - 5.5%. The results of the study showed that in clinically healthy lactating cows, the bactericidal activity of the udder skin varies depending on the functional state of the mammary gland and has a maximum value of 91.8 ± 2.0% in the first week after birth, decreasing to 87.8 ± 2 by the middle of lactation. .4% and becomes minimal during the launch period - 79.7±2.3%. The change in the bactericidal activity of the skin of the udder teats is associated with the state of other non-specific factors of local protection, in particular, the titer of lysozyme M and the level of somatic cells.

No abstract

Purpose: to establish the role of reproductive pathologies in high-yielding cows in reducing the sanitary quality of milk at dairy enterprises using various milking systems.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in high-tech dairy enterprises using GEA Dairy ProQ and Ley Astronaut robotic milking systems with cow productivity of more than 11 tons of milk per lactation. 4659 lactating cows were under observation. The selection of samples of uterine secretions, samples from the udder teats, the surface of the anogenital area, mammary gland and milk for bacteriological studies was carried out sterile, then they were sown on nutrient media.Results. The contents of the uterus with pyometra in 80% are contaminated with microorganisms: S. dysgalactiae  – 29.1%, S. aureus – 26.4%, E. coli  – 24.2%, and S. agalactiae – 20.3%. In 12% of cows, the microflora was isolated in monoculture. In samples of milk obtained from sick cows with uterine pathology using Ley Astronaut robotic milking, it showed 1.72 times lower sanitary safety, in comparison with samples obtained from clinically healthy animals and using the GEA Dairy ProQ robotic milking system.Conclusion. In samples of milk obtained from sick cows using the Ley Astronaut robotic milking system, a microbiological study found a decrease in the sanitary quality of milk, which is an obstacle in the production of cheese.