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Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels were compared in a group of 45 young, normotensive, nonobese and nondiabetic women who used modern combined minidose contraceptive pills, to a matched group of 39 women who did not use any hormonal preparations. Our results show an increase in triglyceride levels as well as significant increase in cholesterol level in the ‘pill’ users group. We failed to show a significant change in HDL cholesterol levels and HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio between the two groups. Our results concerning triglyceride levels are in consent to previous studies in the medical literature, while the elevation in cholesterol levels has rarely been reported in contemporary papers about minidose pill users. It seems that the contradicting effect of estrogen and progesterone on plasma HDL levels neutralizes each other’s effect on this lipoprotein fraction. The elevation in plasma triglycerides and cholesterol may have importance in the vascular abnormalities seen in such pill users.

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