The influence of thyroid function on serum lipid profile

Raziel, Arieh; Rosenzweig, B.; Botvinic, Valentina; Beigel, I.; Landau, B.; Blum, Ilana

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(82)90196-4

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…4 although not confirmed until 20 yr later (144). Hypercholesterolemia is one of the most consistent metabolic abnormalities in hypothyroidism (8,18,28,93,102,(131)(132)(133)(134)(135)(136)145). Lowering of serum cholesterol in hyperthyroidism (145) occurs despite enhanced hepatic synthesis, primarily due to a concomitant but quantitatively greater increase in hepatic excretion of cholesterol (146)(147)(148)(149).…”

Section: Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An overwhelming majority of reported data, however, support the conclusion that thyroid hormones lower serum cholesterol, primarily within the LDL fraction. Hyperthyroidism is universally associated with decreases in the following: total LDL (130,131), LDL cholesterol (18,95,102,121,128,(132)(133)(134)(135)(136)(137)(138), LDL TG (131,132,136,139) and LDL protein, primarily apo-B (93,95,102,131,136,140). These effects are reversed with antithyroid therapy, and with hypothyroidism (8, 18, 93 r 95, 127, 128, 130-133,140-142).…”

Section: Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Plasma Lipoproteins and Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism of Fatty Acids in Altered Thyroid States*

1985

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This article reviews our understanding of effects of thyroid hormone excess and deficiency on hepatic metabolism of FFA, and consequent effects on production, secretion, and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. In the hyperthyroid state the following alterations are observed. Fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis are stimulated simultaneously with a paradoxical stimulation of fatty acid synthesis, which may be linked by virtue of a blunted response of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I) to malonyl coenzyme A (CoA). Esterification of fatty acid to triglyceride (TG) is reduced, as is the secretion of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) (including VLDL TG, cholesterol, and apoprotein); this may be due, in part, to decreased concentrations of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) in the hepatic cell. In the intact animal or patient, however, serum TG concentration is variable, which may reflect increased adipose tissue lipolysis and elevated concentrations of plasma FFA, which would tend to drive VLDL secretion by the liver. Clearance of the VLDL and its metabolic product, the low density lipoprotein (LDL), is increased, resulting in decreased plasma total and LDL cholesterol. Although high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol may also be reduced, the ratio of LDL/HDL cholesterol is further decreased. The regulatory role of the lipoprotein apoproteins is less clear, but hepatic apolipoprotein (apo) B secretion (required for VLDL) is diminished, while apo-AI secretion (required for HDL) is stimulated, perhaps both reflecting rates of synthesis. Plasma concentrations of apo-AI are variable, dependent on relative rates of secretion and clearance. In the hypothyroid, many of these effects are reversed, which results in hyperlipoproteinemias and greater risk for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma Lipoproteins and Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism of Fatty Acids in Altered Thyroid States*

1985

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“…In addition, the different classes of HDL particles appear to be affected differently by thyroid hormone (Aviram et al 1982, Kris-Etherton et al 1982. This lack of a uniform effect is mirrored in the studies of hypothyroid patients treated with thyroid hormone leading to variable outcomes (Wahlqrist et al 1977, Ballantyne et al 1979, Brun et al 1980, Engelken & Eaton 1980, Malkonen & Manninen 1981, Aviram et al 1982, Raziel et al 1982. Part of this lack of uniformity may arise from the fact that HDL particles are synthesized by two tissues in the body -liver and small intestine (Smith et al 1978).…”

Section: Thyroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal regulation of apolipoprotein AI

Hargrove¹,

Junco²,

Wong³

1999

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Apolipoprotein AI (apo AI) is the major protein component of the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The antiatherogenic properties of apo AI alone or as part of HDL and their inverse correlation with the incidence of coronary heart disease underlie the clinical importance of the protein. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which apo AI is regulated will help us develop new and better ways to manipulate expression of the protein. Although there are many factors that influence apo AI expression, endogenous hormones are attractive because simple changes in abundance of these compounds will alter gene activity. Hormones belonging to the thyroid/steroid family that influence activity of the gene include thyroid hormone, glucocorticoids, gender-specific steroids and retinoic acid. Whereas thyroid, glucocorticoid and estradiol enhance activity of the gene, retinoic acid and androgens decrease it. The mechanisms that mediate the effects of the hormones include direct effects of the ligand and nuclear receptor complex on gene activity. However, indirect means involving the participation of transcription factors other than the hormone receptors are also possible. In summary, members of the same hormone family may have different mechanisms that mediate their activities on apo AI gene activity.

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“…Therefore, plasma levels of lipids are reduced in hyperthyroids. [22] The study by AK Farah et al concluded increased lipid profile in hypothyroid subjects and found no effect on the lipid profile of hyperthyroid subjects. 23 In this study 91.3% of the 23 hyperthyroid patients had serum cholesterol levels <200 mg% consistent with the above findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lipid Profile and Electrocardiographic Changes in Thyroid Dysfunction

Balgi¹,

Suneetha²

2015

jemds

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BACKGROUND:The study was designed to explore lipid profile and electrocardiographic changes associated with thyroid dysfunctions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients of thyroid dysfunction having either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism were investigated with lipid profiles and electrocardiogram (ECG). RESULTS: Out of the 50 patients, 27(54%) were suffering from hypothyroidism, while hyperthyroidism was present in 23(46%). Female: male ratio was 1.7:1. Mean cholesterol and LDL was higher in hypothyroid patients. Maximum number of hypothyroid patients (76%) had either borderline high (27.92%) or high (48.14%) serum cholesterol. 91.3% of the 23 hyperthyroid patients had serum cholesterol levels <200 mg%. In hypothyroidism sinus bradycardia is the most common electrocardiographic findings and sinus tachycardia is most commonly seen in hyperthyroidism. CONCLUSION: Total and LDL cholesterol is significantly high in hypothyroid patients. Commonest electrocardiographic findings in hypothyroidism is sinus bradycardia whereas in hyperthyroid patients it is sinus tachycardia followed by atrial fibrillation

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The influence of thyroid function on serum lipid profile

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Plasma Lipoproteins and Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism of Fatty Acids in Altered Thyroid States*

Plasma Lipoproteins and Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism of Fatty Acids in Altered Thyroid States*

Hormonal regulation of apolipoprotein AI

Lipid Profile and Electrocardiographic Changes in Thyroid Dysfunction

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