The present study was conducted on Hardhenu cattle to screen genomic region of leptin gene with an objective to find the association of genotypes with fertility and production traits. The association analysis with traits under study was analysed by least squares analysis of variance by taking SNPs genotype as fixed effects in the statistical model. The genotypic frequencies with respect to targeted loci g.92450765 G > A indicated that AG (0.54) genotype was highest in Hardhenu cattle. Chi-squared tests showed that g.92450765G > A SNP meet with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > .05).The association analysis revealed significant association of genotypes with total milk yield (TMY) and 305 days milk yield (MY) (p < .05). Service period (SP) and calving interval (CI) were also found significantly associated with genotypes (p < .05). Whereas, lactation length (LL), dry days (DD) and age at first calving (AFC) did not divulge any significant association with genotype. The AG and GG genotypes were associated with higher milk yields as compared to AA genotype, indicating that allele G was associated with superior milk performance. However, AA genotyped cattle found to be favourable with SP, CI and artificial insemination (AI) per conception compared to AG and GG genotyped cows. Chi-square analysis revealed that genetic variants of g.92450765 G > A SNP of leptin gene differ significantly with regard to reproductive disorders incidence (p < .05). The frequency of GG genotype (88.89%) in the affected animal group was very high followed by AG. The animals with GG genotype were found to be more susceptible to reproductive disorders as suggested by the higher odd ratio value (16.00) in logistic model. These observations and their differential association with the fertility and production traits can be utilized as an aid to selection for genetic improvement of antagonistic traits in dairy cows.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Globally, India stands second in goat population, with the total of 148.88 million goat (Livestock Census, 2019). Beetal is one of the prime goat breeds of India with total population of 0.71 million (Gowane et al., 2020). Beetal is a large-sized breed, distinguished by its black and white, sometimes red mottled and black mottled coat colour. It is a highly prolific and heat tolerant goat breed mainly reared for meat and milk production. The genetic improvement of economically important traits especially growth traits is the prerequisite for profitable goat farming. Growth traits are the cardinal factors and should be appraised in order to ameliorate economic stability of meat industry (Magotra et al., 2021). The cost of rearing can be dwindled by enhancing growth rate during the early period, which directly enhance farmer's economy. Genetic basis of traits is very essential for evolutionary response (a gradual change