Based on our findings, differentiation between benign prostatic changes, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis, and prostate cancer is feasible in the majority of cases when image interpretation is primarily based on qualitative characteristics. SUV(max) may serve as guidance. False positive findings may occur due to an overlap of (11)C-choline uptake between benign and malignant processes. By providing functional information regarding both the primary malignancy and its metastases, (11)C-choline PET may prove to be a useful method for staging prostate cancer.

PET was superior to CT alone and was improved further by side-by-side reading of both examinations. However, no significant difference was observed between PET/CT and separate PET and CT imaging in patients with lymphoma.

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Combined PET/computed tomography and sentinel lymph node biopsy may help to detect both inguinal micrometastasis and pelvic and abdominal metastasis. Since MRI is highly accurate for staging of both primary penile cancer and its lymph node metastasis, however, it may turn out to be a powerful tool for a one-stop modality in the staging of penile cancer.

A 54-year-old woman presented with a right-sided sensory and motor syndrome without headache. She was not immunocompromised or febrile. Two weeks earlier, she had undergone an uncomplicated tooth extraction. The laboratory results were normal. A cranial computed tomography scan revealed a hypodense lesion in the left thalamic region (Figure 1A). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed the next day showed a contrast-enhancing lesion in this region (Figure 1B) and signs of edema (Figure 1C). Whole-body 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography performed 3 days later demonstrated