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Concrescence is a developmental anomaly of dental hard tissues. It is a condition showing union of adjacent teeth by cementum. The concrescence leads to a loss of gingival architecture leading to the development of funnels, which may cause plaque accumulation thus, resulting in periodontal tissue destruction. There is a slight predilection for the mandible especially in the premolar area followed by the molar and anterior regions. Awareness of these developmental disturbances with proper diagnosis and treatment is very essential because it can compromise the periodontal attachment and can lead to the tooth loss. This article highlights the presence of a concrescence between mandibular second molar and the supernumerary fused teeth with their clinical and radiographic findings, along with its management.

The disorder may not be segregating as an autosomal recessive trait and we could have been misled by consanguinity in the family. It could be a multifactorial trait, or it could be still segregating as an autosomal recessive trait, but the region of homozygosity could be small and we failed to detect it using microsatellite markers. Therefore, SNP-marker-based analysis is warranted in future.

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common cause of vertigo. In this condition, the vertigo is precipitated by certain head movements. BPPV is diagnosed by Dix-Hallpike positional test. Various repositioning maneuvers and treatment modalities exist for the management of this condition. Semont maneuver is a simple procedure for the treatment of posterior semicircular canal BPPV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This non randomized controlled study was conducted in the ENT Department of a tertiary care hospital at Thiruvananthapuram over a period of one year. Hundred patients with posterior semicircular canal BPPV were included in the study.  Fifty patients treated with Semont maneuver were compared with 50 patients who were treated with betahistine 16 mg three times daily.  Outcomes were measured by relief of vertigo and negative Dix- Hallpike positional test during follow up examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common age group affected by BPPV was 50-60 years.  Right side was more affected than the left. There was a female preponderance. 84% patients treated with Semont maneuver were cured at the end of the first week and 90% at the end of the second week. The percentage of patients cured with betahistine were 48% at the end of first week and 56% at the end of second week. </p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Semont maneuver was very effective in the treatment of BPPV. It helps to reduce the long-term use of medicines in our population.</p>

The objective of the present research work was to develop a formulation of Metoclopramide HCl chewable tablets with efficacy and better palatability. Metoclopramide HCl belongs to the class of Anti-emetic which is used to treat nausea and vomiting. Metoclopramide HCl chewable tablets were prepared by the direct compression method. Chewable tablets were prepared and evaluated. The pre-formulation studies of FT-IR revealed that there was no significant interaction observed between the drug and excipients. Formulated chewable tablets were characterized for appearance, weight variation, hardness, friability, moisture content determination, drug content, in-vitro drug release studies and drug release kinetic studies. Formulation F3 released 98.167% drug at the end of 4th min better than other formulations and     obeyed Korsmeyer peppa’s drug release kinetics. Formulation F3 could be considered as best formulation based on drug release profile, physical texture and other properties. Metoclopramide HCl chewable tablets could be serve as promising drug delivery dosage form for geriatric and pediatric patients with improved palatability.