a b s t r a c tPatients infected with human immunodeficiency virus exhibit many risk factors like atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension for cardiovascular disease. As the homeostatic mechanisms in body are regulated by the integrated actions of cytokines and hormones, the normal function of a human heart is also governed by the neuro-endocrine immune interactions. Patients suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifest alterations in the neural immune networks mediated by human immunodeficiency virus and leptin, which incline them to suffer from congestive heart failure. Networks that disrupt the cardiovascular functions are the focus of this review.

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Tinospora cordifolia is a well known medicinal and an immune enhancer plant.The article specially describes antimicrobial activity of T. cordifolia creeped on Azadirachta indica . It will encorporate the medicinal virtue when they survive on neem plants. The aqueous root and stem extract of T. cordifolia creeped on neem plant exhibited signicant antibacterial activity against Escherichia.coli, Enterobacter faecalis, Klebsiella Pneumonia (Gram negative), Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococci (Gram positive) by Agar well diffusion method.

The present study was conducted to evaluate immunomodulatory effect of Tinospora cordifolia (T.C) leaf and stem extracts on zidovudine induced immunotoxicity. T.C leaves and stem was collected and three different extracts of stem and leaf (Aqueous, methanol, n-hexane) was prepared by Soxhlet extraction. Total 24 rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into 4 groups each of 6 rats. Group-I was treated with distilled water. Group-II rats received Zidovudine (500 mg/kg), Group-III given alcoholic extract of T.C stem (500 mg/kg) + Zidovudine (500 mg/kg) and Group-IV received alcoholic extract of T.C leaf (500 mg/kg) + Zidovudine (500 mg/kg). Physical and hematological and immunological parameters were measured at every alternative week. At the end of study rats were sacrificed under anesthesia. Thymus and spleen was collected and weighed. These findings suggest ameliorate effect of T.C leaf and stem extract on zidovudine induced immunotoxicity.

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