The article presents the results of working out for a wear-resistance complex (WRC), formed on the working surfaces of the HSS tools, in order to increase their efficiency. Wear-resistant complex includes nitride layer, which increases the plastic strength of the HSS tool cutting wedge and cutting tool wear resistance, as well as a three-layer nanostructured composite coating, increases lifetime of a HSS tools. Equipment combining the processes of ion nitriding in the gas plasma and the formation of nanostructured multilayer composite coatings in the filtered metal-gas plasma cathode vacuum arc discharge has been developed. Particular attention is paid to the study of the regularities of formation of the nitride layer and optimization of its parameters and structure, as well as the study of the properties and structure of functional coating layers, depending on the parameters of the deposition process. The parameters of the combined cathodic vacuum arc processing (CCVAP), provides a minimum intensity of tool wear during the cutting process. Also conducted research certification cutting tool properties of HSS with WRC, which made it possible to determine the optimal parameters WRC, which gives the maximum increase in tool life for a variety of cutting conditions as compared to uncoated HSS tool, as well as with standard commercial coatings.

This paper discusses aspects of the development of nanostructured multilayer composite coatings (NMCCs) formed using the processes of filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition (FCVAD) for application to the tungsten-free carbides (cermets) based on TiC-(Ni,Mo) and TiCN-(Ni,Mo) compounds in order to improve cutting properties of tools and to expand the area of their technological application. NMCCs were used not only to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the working surfaces of tools, but also to ensure the control over contact processes during cutting. The study has shown that despite their high hardness, thermal stability and resistance to scaling, low tendency to diffusion with the material being machined, tungsten-free carbides are characterized by relatively low fracture toughness and bending strength, low thermal conductivity. With regard to the above properties, tungsten-free carbides are inferior not only to tungsten WC-Co carbides, but also to WC-TiC-Co carbides with binder content of less than 8% (by weight). Therefore, cutting tools made of tungsten-free carbides have a limited range of technological application in interrupted cutting, machining of hard-to-cut alloys and steels. With respect to this, the paper considers the possibility of directional control over contact processes during cutting with the use of NMCCs to create more balanced properties of tungsten-free carbides with regard to hardness and toughness. This work has developed architecture of three-component nanostructured multilayer composite coatings, the methods for selecting functions and rational component parameters of architecture for tools made of tungsten-free carbides. The developed compositions of NMCCs have improved cutting properties of tungsten-free carbides and expanded the area of their technological application in cutting of heat-treated steels of increased hardness and machining of heat-resistant carbides.

This article studies the specific features of cathode vacuum arc deposition of coatings used in the production of cutting tools. The detailed analysis of the major drawbacks of arc-Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) methods has contributed to the development of the processes of filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition to form nanoscale multilayered composite coatings of increased efficiency. This is achieved through the formation of nanostructure, increase in strength of adhesion of coating to substrate up to 20%, and reduction of such dangerous coating surface defects as macro-and microdroplets up to 80%. This article presents the results of the studies of various properties of developed nanoscale multilayered composite coating. The certification tests of carbide tool equipped with cutting inserts with developed nanoscale multilayered composite coating compositions in longitudinal turning (continuous cutting) and end symmetric milling, and intermittent cutting of steel C45 and hard-to-cut nickel alloy of NiCr20TiAl showed advantages of tool with nanoscale multilayered composite coating as compared to the tool without coating. The lifetime of the carbide inserts with developed NMCC based on the system of Ti-TiN-(NbZrTiCr)N (filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition) was increased up to 5-6 times in comparison with the control tools without coatings and up to 1.5-2.0 times in comparison with nanoscale multilayered composite coating based on the system of Ti-TiN-(NbZrTiCr)N (standard arc-PVD technology).

The aim of this paper is to study physical and chemical properties of nanostructured multi-layered composite coating based on three-layered architecture of Ti-TiN-(ZrNbTi)N, deposited to a carbide substrate, as well as to study the mechanism of wear and failure of carbide tools with coatings under the conditions of stationary cutting. The coating obtained by the method of filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition (FCVAD). The microstructure of carbide cubstrate with coating on transverse cross-section were investigated, as well as its hardness, strength of the adhesive bond to the substrate, chemical composition and phase composition. The studies of cutting properties of the carbide inserts with developed coating was conducted on a lathe in longitudinal turning of steel C45 (HB 200). Analysis of mechanisms of coated tool wear and failure was carried out, as well as - the study of processes of diffusion and oxidation in the surface layers of the coated substrate.

Ким Владимир Алексеевич-доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Материаловедение и технология новых материалов» Комсомольского-на-Амуре государственного университета (Россия, Комсомольск-на-Амуре).