Background: Healthcare providers may improve healthcare delivery and make it available to more people by combining advanced technologies with high-quality network services. In this regard, telemedicine has improved healthcare providers' ability to provide services for a large number of individuals without their physical presence. Pakistan's healthcare system is a mix of government infrastructure, parastatal healthcare, the private sector, civil society, and charitable contributions. However, unawareness, poor education, lack of skills, lack of resources, and technical issues including internet connectivity, and load shedding have limited the accessibility of the Pakistani population towards advancement in the healthcare industry.Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at a private tertiary care hospital from April to June 2022 in Karachi. To recruit the study participants, a purposive sampling technique was used. Practicing doctors (n=100), who were aware of telemedicine technology and agreed to participate in the study, were included as study participants. A self-developed proforma was administered to doctors to assess the study's objectives.Results: Out of 100, 64% (n=64) of the participants have no experience working in telemedicine while only 36% have worked with telemedicine for at least one year. When asked about the application of telemedicine technology only 46% of the doctors knew the technology used. While only 42% of the doctors were familiar with the telemedicine tools, including a virtual stethoscope, pulse oximeter, etc. views regarding continue using telemedicine, 26% of the participants having no experience with telemedicine agreed that they would like to use telemedicine, 35% agreed to use telemedicine with improvement whereas 3% of them do not want to use the telemedicine technology. Conclusion:The participants of the current study were aware of telemedicine technology and its advantages. However, despite their agreement, the majority of the doctors emphasized the improvement of the system to deliver better services by using this technology.

There are many barriers to starting a medical institution in Pakistan. Some of the career barriers are entrepreneurship, gender barriers, and lack of knowledge about funding issues. Additionally, purchasing power parity (PPP) related barriers can hinder starting a healthcare startup. Additionally, academic issues can cause a lack of entrepreneurship in healthcare organizations. By understanding these barriers and working to overcome them, healthcare organizations can drive more innovation and growth within their organizations. Job barriers, gender barriers, funding issues, and barriers related to purchasing power parity are some of them. However, while expanding these barriers further, the structural issues are at the core of Pakistan's prevention of healthcare entrepreneurship. According to numerous studies, the state's small business policy, administrative procedures (new company registration, licensing, etc.), tax laws, access to finance (bank loans, grants, etc.), ensuring private property protection, and the standard of living in the country. , political instability/corruption, international trade barriers, a shortage of skilled manpower (HR), and an inefficient judicial system are structural barriers to healthcare startups in Pakistan. This critical reflection discusses these factors in detail and provides empirical evidence to support his claims.

The goal of Entrepreneurship education (EE) is to provide students the information, abilities, and drive they need to support entrepreneurial success in a variety of contexts. All levels of education, from elementary or secondary schools to graduate university programmes, provide various forms of entrepreneurial education. For healthcare professionals to gain resources, enhance their potential for creativity and inventive personalities, and provide multi-level learning channels for entrepreneurs by fusing various knowledge and value systems, entrepreneurship education is essential. The aim of this review article is to evaluate the influence of entrepreneurial education on post-grad students, this study also seeks to clarify how well postgraduate students' expectations and incentives are met by entrepreneurship education. A literature search was done using key words related to entrepreneurship education, its influence on post graduate students of healthcare management conducted by various case reports, cohort and observational studies through authentic search engines like; PubMed, Google Scholar, Research gate, RCT and meta-analysis. Entrepreneurship education has a positive impact on individuals' entrepreneurial self-efficacy, attitude, and mentality. Moreover, entrepreneurial attitude is crucial in modulating the effects of self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education on students' entrepreneurial mindsets. People who get entrepreneurial education and training have the self-confidence, knowledge, and abilities to seize business opportunities. Entrepreneurial education teaches students how to recognize opportunities, commercialize, ideas, manage resources, and start their own businesses. The students frequently adopt new abilities and begin to think strategically after taking the EE course.