There are many barriers to starting a medical institution in Pakistan. Some of the career barriers are entrepreneurship, gender barriers, and lack of knowledge about funding issues. Additionally, purchasing power parity (PPP) related barriers can hinder starting a healthcare startup. Additionally, academic issues can cause a lack of entrepreneurship in healthcare organizations. By understanding these barriers and working to overcome them, healthcare organizations can drive more innovation and growth within their organizations. Job barriers, gender barriers, funding issues, and barriers related to purchasing power parity are some of them. However, while expanding these barriers further, the structural issues are at the core of Pakistan's prevention of healthcare entrepreneurship. According to numerous studies, the state's small business policy, administrative procedures (new company registration, licensing, etc.), tax laws, access to finance (bank loans, grants, etc.), ensuring private property protection, and the standard of living in the country. , political instability/corruption, international trade barriers, a shortage of skilled manpower (HR), and an inefficient judicial system are structural barriers to healthcare startups in Pakistan. This critical reflection discusses these factors in detail and provides empirical evidence to support his claims.

All the countries in the world are struggling to improve their healthcare systems regardless of being rich or poor. Talking about Cuba, it represents an example of well-developed healthcare system and policies which is comparable to developed countries of the world. The success of Cuban healthcare system largely depends upon its strong primary health care system, proper immunization, robust public health policies, treating all the population classes equally providing them with free healthcare services. The control of infection spread and non-communicable diseases also contributes to the success of Cuban Healthcare system. We have discussed the Cuban health care system from start till the current situation and also, we performed SWOT analysis to bring the clearer depiction of the Cuban Healthcare System as it highlights the key internal and external issues which are further discussed in detail.

Each country of the world has its own health care system to follow, Pakistan has followed the healthcare system designed by British rulers since 1947. Primary healthcare, Secondary Healthcare and tertiary healthcare are the major parts of the defined healthcare system that are been practiced across the country. Pakistan has always participated and encouraged health promotion and delivery participating in Millennium Development Goal (MDG) program, encouraging public private partnership, investing in improvement of human resources and skills, introducing Basic Health Units (BHUs) and Rural Health centers. Though investment and inputs are set at achieving health for all but many weaknesses have slowed down the process of development. Poor governance and monitory policy, political influence and budget allocation issues have made it difficult to provide health on equal basis. The current review is aimed to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of healthcare system of Pakistan.