BackgroundDementia is a public health concern and the main cause of impairment and dependency among the elderly worldwide. It is characterized by a progressive decline in cognition, memory, and all domains of quality of life with preserving the level of consciousness. Accurate measurement of dementia knowledge among future health professionals is required to improve targeted educational initiatives and supportive care of patients. This study aimed to assess knowledge of dementia and its associated factors among health college students in Saudi Arabia. MethodsA descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among health college students from various regions in Saudi Arabia. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and dementia knowledge were gathered using a standardized study questionnaire Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) distributed on different social media platforms. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) statistical software. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. ResultsA total of 1,613 participants were included in the study. The mean age was 20.5 ± 2.5 years (range 18-25 years). The majority of them were males (64.9%), and females represented 35.1%. The mean knowledge score of the participants was 13.68 ± 3.18 (out of 25). According to DKAS subscales, we found that the respondents scored the highest in care considerations (4.17 ± 1.30) and the lowest in risks and health promotion (2.89 ± 1.96). Furthermore, we found that the participants with no previous dementia exposure had a significantly higher level of knowledge than those with previous dementia exposure. In addition, we found that both genders, aged 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 years; the geographic distribution of respondents; and previous dementia exposure significantly affected the DKAS score. ConclusionsOur findings showed that health college students in Saudi Arabia had poor knowledge about dementia. Ongoing health education and comprehensive academic training are recommended to improve their knowledge and provide competent care for dementia patients.

Background: Premenstrual disorders are characterized by emotional and physical symptoms. Millions of women around the globe who are of reproductive age experience premenstrual symptoms. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder are two examples of these illnesses (PMDD) which have insightful effects on quality of life and major health consequences. Objective: This research set out to evaluate the occurrence and intensity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and to find the correlation between PMS and the body mass index (BMI) among reproductive females in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwara, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A crosssectional study was carried out on 392 females in the reproductive period.The diagnostic and statistical standards for measuring PMS served as the foundation for the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PSS). PMS was diagnosed when five or more symptoms were present. PMS subsided after menstruation (adapted from the American Psychiatric Association). The data were analyzed descriptively using (SPSS). Results: 77% and 55% of the 392 participants reported emotional or physical PMS, respectively. Also, there was a statistically significant link (p=0.048) between increasing BMI and increasing the severity of the emotional and psycho-behavioral symptoms. Conclusion:According to the findings of the current study, there was a direct relationship between PMS and BMI among reproductive females in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia. Obesity should be incorporated into the PMS management plan as a modifiable risk factor, especially for those with severe symptoms that impair their quality of life.

Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality with fatal outcomes if not treated well. The goal of this study was to compare the intramuscular and intravenous treatment of individuals with status epilepticus. A search was performed on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for articles published in the English language in peer-reviewed publications up to March 1, 2023. Studies were included if the treatment of status epileptics was compared either directly or indirectly between intramuscular and intravenous methods. In addition, relevant papers were manually screened for in the reference lists of the included studies. Non-duplicate articles were identified. Finally, five articles were included in the analysis, of which four were randomized controlled trials and one was a retrospective cohort study. The intramuscular midazolam group’s time until the first seizure stopped was significantly shorter than the intravenous diazepam group’s time (7.8 versus 11.2 minutes, respectively; p = 0.047). Moreover, the percentage of patients admitted was significantly lower in the intramuscular group than in the intravenous group (p = 0.01), but the lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and the hospital did not differ significantly between the groups. Regarding seizure recurrence, the intramuscular group had fewer incidences of recurrent seizures. Finally, there were no appreciable differences in safety outcomes between the two treatment arms. During the analysis, different outcomes reported after the use of intramuscular and intravenous treatments in managing patients with status epilepticus were categorized. This categorization led to a clear view of the efficacy and safety of intramuscular versus intravenous treatments in managing status epilepticus patients. The information at hand indicates that intramuscular therapy is just as successful as intravenous therapy in treating people with status epilepticus. The availability, adverse effect profile, logistics of administration, cost, and whether it is included in hospital formularies are some of the factors to be taken into consideration when choosing the drug administration technique.