Primary candidiasis in the laryngeal mucosa is rare but has many predisposing factors, in particular immune insufficiency and long-term antibiotic use. This study involved a reassessment of 530 laryngeal biopsy specimens originally examined between 2004 and 2009, from which 11 cases of hyperplastic laryngeal candidiasis were identified according to their clinical and histopathological features. Among possible predisposing factors, immune insufficiency was identified in three patients, there was long-term antibiotic use in two cases, use of inhaled corticosteroids in four cases, smoking in eight cases and reflux symptoms in four cases. Dysplasia as well as hyperplasia was seen in two cases. Endolaryngeal lesion excision was performed in eight cases and biopsy leading to radical surgery was done in three. In clinical follow-up no lesions were observed in nine cases while two had new leukoplakic lesions.

Cutaneous bronchogenic anomalies are very rare lesions, and most of them present as cysts and/or sinus tracts in the subcutaneous layer. We report a 15-year-old boy who presented with a crusted and papillomatous plaque over the right scapular region. Histopathological examination of this plaque revealed pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with papillary invaginations that included mucinous material. The lesion had no cyst or sinus formation and was bordered with smooth muscle bundles in stroma.

A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob b j je ec c t ti i v ve e: : No wa days, sen ti nel lymph no de (SLN) bi opsy is a stan dard ap pro ach giving information abo ut sta tus of the axil lary lymph no des. Se ve ral fac tors af fect me tas ta sis to SLN. In our ca se, we aimed to in dica te his to pat ho lo gi cal pa ra me ters that af fect SLN and non-sen ti nel lymph no de (n-SLN) me tas ta sis, the im portan ce of fro zen sec ti on to de ter mi ne me tas ta sis and im mu no his toc he mistry met hod for his to pat ho lo gi cal exa mi na ti ons. M Ma a t te e r ri i a al l a an nd d M Me et t h ho od ds s: : In Ulu dag Uni ver sity Fa culty of Me di ci ne, 265 ca ses who had SLN bi op sies we re ret ros pec ti vely exa mi ned. Fro zen sec ti ons, per ma nent sec ti ons and sec ti ons with im mu no his toc he mistry we re fo und out from the arc hi e ve. Then, pre pa ra ti ons we re re-exa mi ned by ex pert pat ho lo gists on bre ast pat hology. R Re e s su ul lt ts s: : The me an age of the ca ses was 53 ye ars. The most frequently ob ser ved tu mor type was in va si ve ductal car ci no ma. Most of the ca ses ha d nuc le ar gra de 2. One hundred ca ses are di ag no sed as ma lig nant. As a re sult of imp le men ta ti on of se ri al sec ti ons and im mu no his toc he mistry to 12 ca ses wit ho ut me tas ta sis, mac ro-me tas tasis in four ca ses, mic ro-me tas ta sis in six ca ses and fi nally iso la ted tu mo ur cells in two ca ses we re de ter mi ned. In pri mary bre ast tu mor, the pre sen ce of ve no us/vas cu lar in va si on (p= 0.021), lympha tic in va si on (p< 0.001), in crea sed pri mary tu mor di a me ter (p= 0.001) and in cre a sed age (p= 0.026) increased SLN me tas ta sis. In pri mary breast tu mor, the pre sen ce of pe ri ne u ral in va si on (p= 0.033) and lympha tic in va si on (p= 0.045), in cre a sed tu mor di a me ter (p= 0.001), and in cre a sed num ber of po si ti ve SLNs (p= 0.015) ca u sed an in cre a se in n-SLN me tas ta sis. C Co on nc c l lu u s si i o on n: : SLN bi opsy is a simp le and re li ab le met hod. In our study, we fo und sta tis ti cally significant re sults bet we en SLN me tas ta sis and age, pri mary tu mor di a me ter, lympha tic in va si on and ve no us/vas cu lar in va si on. Be sides, sta tis ti cally sig ni fi cant re la ti ons hips were fo und bet we en n-SLN me tas ta sis and pri mary tu mor di a me ter, pe ri ne u ral in va si on and lympha tic in va si on as well. In tra o pe ra ti ve analy sis of SLN is very important for sta ging of bre ast car ci no ma and prog no sis. Mo re o ver, ac cu racy of di ag no sis in cre a ses with the app li ca ti ons of se ri al secti on and im mu no his toc he mi cal met hod. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Sen ti nel lymph no de bi opsy; bre ast ne op lasms; pat ho logy Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Gü nü müz de sen ti nel lenf no du (SLN) bi yop si si ak sil ler lenf nod la rı nın du ru mu hak kın da bil gi ve ren stan dart bir yak la şım dır. SLN me tas ta zı nı çe şit li fak tör ler et ki ler. Ya zı mız da, SLN ve non sentinel lenf n...

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