The Simple View of Reading (Hoover & Gough, 1990) assumes that reading comprehension success is determined by decoding skill and language comprehension (e.g., vocabulary). However, the strategies readers recruit during text comprehension should also uniquely contribute to reading comprehension success in both their first and second language. Seventy fourth-and fifth-grade French immersion students were assessed on language proficiency measures and on strategy use during a reading comprehension task by using a think-aloud procedure. Results indicate that students used more complex strategies (i.e., background knowledge, predicting and visualizing) in their dominant language, and more textbase strategies (i.e., summarizing) in their less proficient language. For both languages, using textbase and complex strategies each accounted for unique variance in reading comprehension performance beyond language proficiency. Relying on these strategies allow readers to both construct an understanding of a text and consolidate it into memory. Implications for second language teachers will be discussed.
The current study investigated the type of strategies that English–French bilingual adults utilize when reading in their dominant and non-dominant languages and which of these strategies are associated with reading comprehension success. Thirty-nine participants read short texts while reporting aloud what they were thinking as they read. Following each passage, readers answered three comprehension questions. Questions either required information found directly in the text (literal question) or required a necessary inference or an elaborative inference. Readers reported more necessary and elaborative inferences and referred to more background knowledge in their dominant language than in their non-dominant language. Engaging in both text analysis strategies and meaning extraction strategies predicted reading comprehension success in both languages, with differences observed depending on the type of question posed. Results are discussed with respect to how strategy use supports the development of text representations.
Les auteurs s’intéressent aux schémas de stratégies de lecture employés par les adultes et les enfants bilingues anglais-français dans les deux langues. Ils procèdent à une analyse approfondie des schémas de stratégies chez un sous-ensemble de lecteurs compétents et de lecteurs moins habiles, en s’appuyant sur de précédents ensembles de données. La réflexion à haute voix sur de courts passages de textes livre des données révélant que, dans l’ensemble, les adultes ont recours à davantage de stratégies que les enfants, et les lecteurs compétents utilisent davantage de stratégies que les lecteurs moins habiles. Il appert notamment que les lecteurs compétents ont recours à une plus grande variété de stratégies en associant davantage de stratégies fondées sur le sens (synthèse et inférences nécessaires, par exemple) à des stratégies complexes (inférences d’élaboration et prévision, par exemple). Les auteurs analysent les répercussions de ces résultats pour les chercheurs et les éducateurs bilingues. Ils offrent plus précisément des suggestions visant la mise en œuvre d’une intervention directe, en matière de stratégies, encourageant les lecteurs à faire appel à ces schémas de stratégies lorsqu’ils lisent dans les deux langues.
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