Aim To compare the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) between eyes with and without diabetes mellitus after single-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens implantation 4 years postoperatively. Methods In this prospective, observational case-control study carried out at Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India, 75 consecutive eyes with diabetes mellitus (cases) were compared with 75 age-matched eyes with age-related cataract (controls). A detailed, preoperative and posterior segment evaluation was carried out in eyes with diabetes mellitus to detect the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The Mann-Whitney U-test was applied to compare the differences in the development of PCO between the two groups. Results There was no difference in median PCO between cases and controls at 1 month (2.0 vs 1.50, Po0.068), but cases had a higher median PCO at 12 months (2.95 vs 1.30, Po0.001). At 4 years, there was no significant difference in median PCO between cases and controls (3.75 vs 2.25, P ¼ 0.273). The duration of diabetes increased the incidence of PCO at 4 years (P ¼ 0.02). Severity of DR had no influence on the progress of PCO at 4 years (P ¼ 0.69). Conclusion Diabetes mellitus did not increase the incidence of PCO at 4 years. The duration of diabetes increased the risk of PCO. The severity of retinopathy did not influence the development of PCO.

Objective: To determine whether laboratory markers of methanol ingestion and subsequent toxicity can serve as predictors of visual outcomes in patients. Methods: Retrospective medical record review of 122 patients in a cluster outbreak of methanol poisoning. Data collected included history, complete ocular and systemic examination details, time to presentation, amount of alcohol ingested, and results of laboratory investigations, such as hemogram, glucose levels, hematocrit level, arterial pH, methanol levels, potassium and bicarbonate levels, and anion and osmolar gap determination, as well as hepatic and renal function tests. Therapy administered consisted of ethyl alcohol, sodium bicarbonate, and nutritional supplements, with hemodialysis in severe cases. Visual acuity (VA), pupillary reaction, and optic disc findings were assessed at presentation and 3 months after discharge. Patients were classified according to their visual disturbance: transient (group 1) or permanent (group 2). Appropriate statistical analysis was performed. Outcome measures included determining the association between biochemical markers of methanol poisoning and final VA. Results: A total of 122 patients (1 female and 121 male) were admitted for treatment; of these, 10 died. Only 1 patient showed a 2-line drop in VA. pH was the strongest predictor of final VA and improvement in VA among all markers. The odds that a patient with an initial pH greater than 7.2 would have only transient visual disturbances were high (odds ratio, 31; 95% CI, 6-149). Conclusions: The degree of acidosis at presentation appears to determine final VA; early presentation and treatment did not seem to significantly alter the visual outcome, especially in severe poisoning.

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