Background: Specific factors that increases a mother’s risk of carrying a fetus with CHD, with the use of extended views in fetal echocardiography in addition to basic standard views there is increased detection of CHDs. Purpose of study current study was to investigate the role of fetal echocardiography in prenatal diagnosis of the congenital heart diseases in high-risk pregnancies between 18-36 weeks of gestational age and to determine the proportion of occurrences of different types of CHDs in and high-risk group.Methods: Observational study with consecutive sampling 880 subjects. Study done in department of radiodiagnosis, SNMC, Jodhpur, RajasthanResults: With use of basic standard views, extended views and 3D views total 27 cases were detected out of all 880 subjects, which is significant statistically. Many CHDs which can be missed by the standard views, can be more efficiently detected with use of extended views in the fetal echocardiography.Conclusions: Most common type of CHD was found to be VSD and hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Microorganisms as bioreactors have gained immense applicability both industrially and therapeutically. Natural ability of microbes in synthesizing some medicinally and industrially important compounds makes them the target of choice in research. Current work aims to utilize the ability of microbes to produce the enzyme pectinase in lab scale followed by its testing in the industrial application. Pectinase is a natural microbial enzyme that can hydrolyze the substrate pectin, a cell wall component of fruits and vegetables. The enzyme is industrially applied to soften the cell wall layer of the vegetables and fruits thereby causing high yield and efficacy in juice extraction. Study included the isolation of enzyme producing bacteria from spoiled orange peel as a source. Positive bacterial cultures capable of producing the enzyme are to be used in the production of enzyme followed by its purification using several downstream processing steps. Further, identification of the enzyme producing bacteria can be carried out based on grams staining and biochemical tests based on Beregy's manual.