The purpose of this study was to identify those major psychological factors that affect ice hockey performance. The exploration of the differences in CSAI-2, ACSI-28 and STPI-Y psychometric measures targeted the adult national team members and the U-18 age-group of ice hockey players in Hungary. U-18 (n = 27) and adult national ice hockey players (n = 25) filled out the tests during a training camp before international preliminary round matches. It was found that State Anxiety, Cognitive Anxiety and Somatic A-State were significantly lower in the adult national team players than in the U-18 group of players. Also, the adult team demonstrated a significantly higher score in relation to Peaking under Pressure and also in Freedom from Worry than the 18 year-old group. Discriminant analysis showed that Cognitive A-State, Trait Curiosity, Coachability, State Anger, Freedom from Worry, and State Depression differentiate the adult team from the U-18 players. We can conclude that the members of the adult team are generally in a more beneficial state from the standpoint of anxiety pressure, and worry than the U-18 group. It seems that the experienced players can better manage unexpected events (stress situations) than the younger players.

Balázs, F., Susan, C. Dancs, H, & József, B. (2016). Satisfaction and preferences of PE students and the head of the PE department: meeting the new curricular expectations. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 11(1), 1-18. There has been increasing emphasis worldwide on raising educational standards and improving opportunities for young people. Physical education programs are under strong pressure to demonstrate that their practices are effective in preparing students for successful healthy active living. In Hungary the Act on National Public Education (2011) is designed to achieve these purposes. The aim of this study was to understand how students perceive the daily PE program and how the heads of PE departments perceive students' perceptions as a result of this act. A total of 1,073 10-14 year-old students from 13 schools in a university city were given a questionnaire and the heads of PE at these schools were interviewed. A large number of students stated that the purpose of PE is conditioning, it is an important subject, and they will be able to utilize what they have learnt in PE later on in their lives. Heads of PE perceive that students have no clear understanding of what PE is about and they do not want thinking and fitness components in PE. Findings demonstrate a clear disagreement between students' and the heads of PE perspectives. Teachers need to adapt their practices in order to help students acquire skills and attitude for lifelong physical activities as stated in the Hungarian Curriculum (2012).

SummaryStudy aim: To explore how elderly people with different living conditions are characterized by their fitness, body composition, and quality of life. Material and methods: Women aged 60 years and over (n = 60; age = 76.2 ± 7.6 years) were examined in crosssectional study from a medium-sized city in western Hungary. Participants were chosen from a twilight home (n=27, age = 79.4 ± 7.7years) and clubs for retired people (n = 33, age = 73.7 ± 6.6 years). Physical fitness status was assessed by Fullerton Functional Fitness Test -Senior Fitness Test (FFFT); body composition (BC) with Inbody-720 bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy; and quality of life with WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire. Data were analysed with the use of t-test for independent samples and stepwise discriminant analysis. Results: FFFT shows significant differences in each variable: lower and upper body strength, aerobic endurance, upper and lower body flexibility, and dynamic balance. These variables were significantly higher in the clubs for retired people. The BC of twilight home residents was significantly lower in height and fat-free mass. Regarding quality of life, there were significant differences in perception, autonomy, and sociability for the favour of elderly in clubs; however, there were no differences in activities of past, present and future, or differences in attitudes towards death or intimacy. Conclusions: A sedentary and institutionalized lifestyle with little variety in daily activity and programing has a negative effect on physical fitness status, body composition, and quality of life. Self-motivation, active lifestyle, and regular and varied programs seem to have leading roles in the quality of life in elder population.

Swimming plays a particularly important role in the formation of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being and in the preservation of health. The aim of this study was to investigate whether health-based education works through swimming education. A survey was carried out by submitting an anonymous questionnaire to swimming educators (N = 46). The sample consisted of people who teach swimming to primary school pupils: physical education teachers, swimming instructors, lifeguards, and swimming coaches (PE teachers 58.7%, instructors and others 41.3%; men 58.7%, women 41.3%). Both a descriptive and a comparative approach were used to analyze data. Based on their inquiry, the authors determined that, unfortunately, those teaching swimming do not commonly consider it important to form health-conscious behavior in their students. It appears that in teaching swimming to children, the principles that are important for the preservation of health in adult age do not predominate.

Egyetértés mutatkozik abban, hogy elsősorban az életmód, a fizikai aktivitás, a táplálkozás, az egészségkárosító szenvedélyektől való mentesség, valamint a mentális-lelki egyensúly számít a fő egészséget befolyásoló tényezők közé. A szülők szerepe kiemelésre érdemes a sportolási szokások és a sporthoz való viszony kialakítása és fenntartása oldaláról. A tanulmány célja a testneveléssel és sportolással kapcsolatos taulói és szülői vélemény és tapasztalat bemutatása. Nyílt és zárt végű kérdések segítségével kérdeztük meg egy vidéki kisváros 10-12 éves a tanulóit (n = 1218) és szüleit (n = 571). Eredményeink alapján elmondható, hogy a szülők gyermekkorukban többet sportoltak, mint a gyermekeik jelenleg. A tanulók 58%-a egyáltalán nem sportol a testnevelésórán kívül. A sport tipikus színtere az édesanyák esetében az iskola, míg az édesapa és a tanulók esetében a klub. A szülői minta jelentős része fontosnak tartja az iskolai testnevelést, ugyanakkor a szakirodalommal ellentétben nem játszanak jelentős szerepet a gyermekeik sportolásában és a fizikai aktivitás iránti pozitív attitűd kialakításában.