Hawk Eye: A Logical Innovative Technology Use in Sports for Effective Decision Making The present study aims at explaining hawk eye technology in sports with regard to their latest trends in the sporting arena. This is one of the most commonly used technologies in the various sports. It has been put to a variety of uses, such as providing a way to collect interesting statistics, construct very suggestive visual representations of the game play and even helping viewers to better understand the umpiring decisions. The Hawk-eye is one such technology which is considered to be really top indentation in various sports. The necessary idea is to monitor the trajectory of the ball during the entire duration of play. We will see how the Hawk-eye technology successfully treats each of these issues and provides a robust system to be used in practice. The Hawk-eye system was developed as a replay system, originally for TV Broadcast coverage. We have thus seen that the Hawk-eye is a great innovation, which puts technology to good use in the field of sports. The international scenario of hawk eye has been discussed while analyzing the data of hawk eye software for reliable decision. The technology is used widely these days, in sports such as Tennis and Cricket. The accuracy which can be achieved with the use of the system is making the authorities think seriously about reducing the human error component involved in important decisions. Hawk eye (artificial judgement) is very excellent and superb decision making power as compared to human being (natural judgement). Hawk-Eye software team is already working on the implementing system for basketball, football, badminton and snooker.

No abstract

This study examined the superstitious behavior and decision making among individual, dual and team sport groups. To obtain required data, the investigators had selected Ninety (N = 90) male intercollege level athletes of 19 to 25 years of age to act as subjects. They were divided into three groups; Thirty (n1 = 30) Individual Sports, Thirty (n2 = 30) Dual Sports and Thirty (n3 = 30) Team Sports athletes of various games and sport. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the subjects. All the subjects, after having been informed about the objective and protocol of the study, gave their consent and volunteered to participate in this study. To measure the level of superstitions behaviors of the subjects, the superstitions beliefs and behaviour scale constructed by Buhramann et al. (2004) were administered and to measure the level of decision making, decision making questionnaire prepared by French et al. (1993) was applied. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to find out the intra-group differences. To test the hypothesis, the level of significance was set at .05. The results revealed significant intra-group differences among individual, dual and team sports on the variable superstitious behavior and decision making. It is concluded that the individual sport group has low superstitious belief and better decision making level as compared to their counterpart dual and team sport.

The present study was conducted with the objective to determine the Effects of 4-weeks Training of Kapalbhati Pranayama on Components of Health-Related Fitness. For the purpose of present study Twenty eight, university level girls between the age group of 21-26 years were selected. The subjects were purposively assigned into two groups: Group-A: Experimental (n 1 =14); Group-B: Control (n 2 =14). The subjects from Group-A: Experimental were subjected to a 4-weeks Kapalbhati Pranayama. Student t test for paired samples was utilized to compare the means of the pre-test and the post-test. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, we conclude that the significant differences were found in Components of Health-Related Fitness (i.e., Cardiorespiratory Endurance, Flexibility, % Body Fat, Fat Weight and Lean Body Weight) of University Level Girls. Insignificant between-group differences were noted in Muscular Strength and Muscular Endurance of University Level Girls.

No abstract