Abstract:We investigate the opportunities and challenges of the forth wave of digitalization, also referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT), with respect to public transport and how it can support sustainable development of society. Environmental, economical, and social perspectives are considered through analysis of the existing literature and explorative studies. We conclude that there are great opportunities for both transport operators and planners, as well as for the travelers. We describe and analyze a number of concrete opportunities for each of these actors. However, in order to realize these opportunities, there are also a number of challenges that needs to be addressed. There are both technical challenges, such as data collection issues, interoperability, scalability and information security, and non-technical challenges such as business models, usability, privacy issues, and deployment.

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Abstract. In this paper, we present a multi-agent based simulation model for supporting the decision making in urban transport planning. The model can be used to investigate how different transport infrastructure investments and policy instruments will affect the travel choices of passengers. We have identified four main categories of factors influencing the choice of travel: cost, time, convenience, and social norm. However, travelers value these factors differently depending on their individual preferences, something that can be modeled in an agent-based model. Moreover, instead of modeling the transport system explicitly, on-line web services are used to generate travel options. The model can support transport planners by providing modal share, as well as economical and environmental consequences. As a first step towards validation of the model, we have conducted a simple case study of three scenarios where we analyze the effects of changes to the public transport fares on commuter's travel choices in the Malmö-Lund region in Sweden.Keywords: multi-agent based simulation, traveler behavior modeling, passenger transport, impact assessment, web services IntroductionThe design of a "greener" transport system can be supported by a wide set of transport measures, including both transportation policy instruments and investments in infrastructure, such as new public transport pricing schemes, taxes and fares for motorized transport, new bus stops and lines, and new parking space. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-agent based simulation model for supporting decision making in urban transport planning. The model can be used to investigate how different transport measures affect the decisions of the travelers. It takes into account how factors like cost, time, convenience, and social norm influences the decisions on an individual level depending on the socio-economical features of the individual. Another innovative property of the simulator is that it makes use of on-line web services in order to generate travel options, rather than modeling the transport system explicitly. adfa, p. 1, 2015.

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