Objectives To review the clinical outcome and electrophysiologic characteristics of children with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) from Eastern India. Methods The hospital records of the children aged less than 12 years with a final diagnosis of GBS at our hospital from November, 2015 to December, 2018 were reviewed. Disabilities were assessed at 8-weeks and 6-month follow-up using Hughes scale (0–6). Results Demyelinating variety in 57 patients (52.8%) was more common than the axonal variety (33.3%). 71.1% (32/45) of GBS patients had recovered (scale 0,1) during the follow up period of 6 months. These included 67.7% (21/31) of the axonal variety and 78.6% (11/14) of the demyelinating variety. Conclusion Irrespective of the severity, disability is less with the demyelinating variety as compared with the axonal subtype.

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is one of the important causes of preventable cerebral injury occurring in the neonatal period. Kidney is one of the most commonly affected organs leading to renal functional abnormality and blood electrolyte imbalance. This was a prospective case control study done in the NICU and neonatal unit at a tertiary care hospital. The objective of this study were to detect renal functional abnormality and electrolyte imbalance (sodium and potassium) among babies with perinatal asphyxia and to correlate severity and type of renal involvement with degree of asphyxia. Materials and Methods: Thirty two neonates for perinatal asphyxia and 32 babies selected randomly from non asphyxiated babies for the control group. Blood samples were taken for measurement of serum urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium levels on 1 st and 3 rd day of life. If any abnormality detected, values were repeated every alternate days till it become normal. Results: There were total 32 cases (asphyxiated). Among 32 cases 14 (43.75 %) had elevated levels of urea and creatinine on day 1 [Mean urea (43.21± 23.08), creatinine (1.14 ± 0.57)], 18 (56.25%) had elevated levels of urea and creatinine on day 3.Mean urea (58.06 ± 28.52) and creatinine (1.24±0.5) were significantly higher on day 3 (p value<0.05) in study group as compared to control. Mean urea and creatinine levels showed increasing trend with degree of severity of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Eighteen babies with perinatal asphyxia developed renal failure (56.25%). 18 had Hyponatremia on day 1 (56.25%), 3 of them had value < 125 meq /l. Conclusion: Among study cases significantly higher values of urea and creatinine were found than controls. The values were positively correlated to the degree of asphyxia. Though, mean sodium and potassium level was within the normal limit, the value of potassium was higher among cases than controls.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of surfactant administration in the treatment of term and late preterm neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in relation to outcome in terms of need for ventilation and mortality. Methodology: This study is a prospective observational study of late preterm>34-36 6/7 weeks and term neonates with moderate and severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) admitted in Dr B C Roy Postgraduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences, Kolkata. Study was done by application of surfactant within 24 hrs and 25 to 48 hrs of birth. Requirement for supplemental oxygen and ventilation were recorded in predesigned proformas. Results: The outcome in terms of death between within 24 hrs and 25-48 hrs of birth application of surfactant in MAS is mortality in the former was 3/20(15%) as compared to 2/10(20%) in the latter though it was not statistically significant (p =0.301) .Mean duration of ventilation,(p=0.026)supplemental oxygen requirement(p=0.039) and the length of hospital stay(p=0.045) were significantly lower in those who received surfactant within 24 hrs of birth in comparison to who received within 25-48 hrs of birth.(alpha value for p=0.05). Conclusion: Surfactant in a form of bolus therapy within 24 hrs of birth has no role in decreasing the percentage of mortality or morbidity in MAS but however has shown benefit in terms of decreasing the mean duration of ventilation, O 2 requirement and hospitalization.

Cysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium larva is a major public health problem especially in developing  world. In this unusual form of infection man becomes the intermediate host. The encysted larval stage commonly infests brain, but muscles and subcutaneous tissues are also often affected. High resolution ultrasonography is diagnostic for subcutaneous or intramuscular cysticercosis.Here we present a rare case of anterior abdominal wall cysticercosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i3.11733 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 03 July’12