Within the framework of the global climate crisis and its specific effect of the mega-drought affecting dryland agriculture in the central-southern area of Chile, this study analyzes peasant wineries as a historical and collaborative commons, with traditional and agroecological knowledge and practices, which is organized and represents an important pluriverse for climate resilience. This takes place despite the threat of dispossession and multiple enclosures associated with the advance of industrial-level wineries and corporate forest plantations. The text analyzes the ways that small winegrowers in the Itata and Cauquenes Valleys protect their heritage and income by integrating interdisciplinary contributions from geology (evaluating climate change manifestations in their valleys), social sciences (observing the care and production practices of the wine-growing commons), and law (analyzing possible legal frameworks to develop in this common defense). All these actions are integrated from an analytical framework of political ecology and climate justice. In these experiences, we recognize multiple elements of climate resilience adapted to the agroecological conditions of dryland farming, showing that wineries are an activity which can protect the local territory and provide climate justice, contributing to protecting cultural heritage and socioenvironmental well-being in communities.
En este artículo se presentan algunas reflexiones para el Trabajo Social elaboradas a partir de un trabajo de investigación de carácter cualitativo, comprensivo y explicativo que buscó dar cuenta, desde un análisis regional, las características de los más importantes conflictos ecoterritoriales por la instalación de megaproyectos de minería y represas hidroeléctricas en los Andes patagónicos de Argentina y Chile durante los años 2009 y 2010. Se discuten estas nuevas realidades como territorialidades en pugna a consecuencia de los nuevos diseños extractivistas hegemónicos que reconfiguran a la Patagonia como una región estratégica para la extracción de sus bienes comunes naturales. Este trabajo se estructura teóricamente a partir de los aportes de la ecología política y la geografía crítica como campos de investigación que nos permiten abordar la amplia complejidad e interdisciplinariedad que conllevan los conflictos ecoterritoriales frente a megaproyectos extractivistas.
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