This study was aimed to produce and characterize the first commercial glass materials with enhanced antibacterial property using conventional melting method. For this purpose, typical container glass composition that contains some specific metal ions, such as silver, strontium, and copper, was used to obtain antibacterial glass samples using classical melting method. After the melting process, antibacterial tests and migration tests were applied to the glasses, and it was found that the glass doped with 2% Ag2O was the best composition. X-rays diffractometer (XRD), thermal expansion coefficient, density, refractive index, hardness, and elastic module results showed that the glass doped with 2% Ag2O was a suitable material as a container glass. High Temperature Melting Observation System studies were performed on the produced antibacterial glass composition, and it was found that the antibacterial glass can be produced in soda lime glass furnaces without changing any furnace design and production parameters. As a result of the characterization studies, it was concluded that the produced container glass doped with silver can be a good candidate for food and pharmaceutical products where bacterial growth is absolutely undesirable.

The aim of this study is to produce and characterize glass materials, which have an enhanced antibacterial property by the conventional melting method. Container glass compositions including different amounts of zinc oxide (ZnO) (5.0, 7.5, and 10.0%) were prepared and melted to be able to obtain the antibacterial glass. The Release and antibacterial tests, which were performed after the melting process, showed that the glass doped with 5% ZnO was the most appropriate composition according to test results (99.82% Escherichia coli inactivation) and its raw materials’ costs. Physical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as thermal expansion coefficient (86.1 × 10–7/°C), density (2.523 g/cm3), refractive index (1.5191), hardness (596 kg/mm2), and elastic modulus (5.84 GPa) of the glass doped with 5% ZnO were determined, and the results showed that the obtained antibacterial glass sample is suitable to be used as a glass container. HighTemperature Melting Observation System studies were performed on the produced antibacterial glass composition, and it was found that the antibacterial glass can be produced in soda lime glass furnaces without changing any furnace design and production parameters. This antibacterial glass can be a remarkable product for the pharmaceutical and food industries.

The most frequently studied ideal system for reactive distillation columns is the quaternary system with two reactants and two products. The vast majority of reactive distillation literature on control uses two-point inferential control structures with conventional tray selection techniques such as singular value decomposition (SVD) and relative gain array (RGA) analysis. Another common practice for the ideal systems is the assumption of constant relative volatilities. This paper compares two control structures with different number of temperature loops and two alternative sets of tray locations, in terms of the controllability of systems with temperature-dependent relative volatilities. It is observed that a three-point inferential control structure with a new set of tray locations based on a semisystematic method improves the control performance for all three systems studied. This improvement is particularly significant in the purity of the distillate stream as the temperature dependency increases.

The aim of this study is producing and characterizing borosilicate glass and glass ceramic materials with enhanced antibacterial properties by using the conventional melting method. First of all, borosilicate glass doped with ZnO was obtained and after that the crystallization temperature was detected by using differential thermal analysis for the production of borosilicate glass ceramic doped with ZnO. The antibacterial and leaching tests showed that the glass and glass ceramic doped with 5% ZnO were suitable samples according to test results. Physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the glass and glass ceramic doped with 5% ZnO were also determined. Overall results indicated that the obtained antibacterial borosilicate glass could be a remarkable product for the pharmaceutical industry, especially for usage in drug packaging.

Öz İnsanlar bir araya geldiklerinde yaş, cinsiyet, ırk, din gibi faktörler bu birlikteliğin kalitesine ve sürekliliğine önemli derecede etki eder. Kadın ve erkeğin bir arada olduğu bir ortamda iletişimin boyutu, yaşlı ve genç bireylerin bir arada olduğu mekânlarla aynı değildir. Erkeklerin kadınlara, gençlerin yaşlılara, aynı din mensuplarının diğer dini gruplara karşı ayrımcılık gösterme durumu her zaman mevcuttur. Bu durum, cinsiyet, ırk, yaş vb. faktörlerin bireysel tutumları önemli derecede etkilediğinin bir göstergesidir. Buradan hareketle, bu araştırmada yüksekokul öğrencilerinin yaşlı ayrımcılığıyla ilgili tutumları incelenmektedir. Veri toplama aracı olarak 10 sorudan oluşan "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ile 23 sorudan oluşan "Yaşlı Ayrımcılığı Tutum Ölçeği (YATÖ)" kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda yaşlı ayrımcılığı tutum ölçeğinden öğrencilerin aldığı puanların cinsiyet ve öğrenim görülen program gibi değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği (p<0.05) belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak bireylerle kurulan ilişki ve iletişimin temelinde tutumlar yer almaktadır. Olumlu tutumlara sahip olmak ve yaşlılara yönelik olumlu bir bakış açısına sahip olmak da bu nedenle önemlidir. Buradan hareketle, yaşlıya yönelik yapılacak planlamalarda üniversite öğrencisi genç bireylerin yaşlılara ilişkin tutumlarının araştırılması, toplumsal temelde kuşaklar arası farklılıkların ortadan kaldırılması bağlamında geleceğe ışık tutacak bilgiler elde edilmesi açısından önemli bir gerekliliktir.