The current study aimed to investigate concentrations of Creatine Kinase (CK) and C Reactive Protein (CRP) in blood serum of cows with the retained placenta to compare with cows of normal parturition, also, to compare their concentrations in association with fetal sex, previous parturition and time to placenta expel. A total of sixty-three cows suffered from retained placenta with cows of normal parturition (n=10) were included in the current study during the period starting from December 2018 till September 2019. Blood samples (10 ml) were collected from the jugular vein to determine the concentration of CRP and CK in blood serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA). The result showed that the serum concentrations of CRP and CK in cows suffering from retained placenta was 28.03 μg/ml and 238.93 ng/ml significantly higher than in cows with normal parturition 22.80 µg/ml and 137.50 ng/ml. The result of ELIZA showed that the serum concentration of CRP and CK in cows did not significantly affect depending upon the sex of the fetus and previous parturition history. On other hands, the serum concentration of CRP and CK in cows significantly differed depending upon the time to expel the placenta. In conclusion, the serum concentration of CRP and CK in cows with retained placenta was markedly higher than recorded in cows with normal parturition, and this can be used to identify days past since cows with retained placenta and to give a prognosis for their health and reproductive status.

The present work aimed to study the effect of exogenous oxytocin injection on the expression of the oxytocin receptor gene and the duration of uterine involution in the local Iraqi breed of Karradi cows. Twenty cows were divided into two groups. The first group was considered a control; the second group was injected with 100 IU/IM of oxytocin twice weekly for four weeks postpartum. The uterine involution velocity was monitored using ultrasonography by measuring the endometrium thickness, ovarian diameter, cervix diameter, uterine horns diameter, serum progesterone, and estrogen levels by indirect ELISA, and the expression of oxytocin receptor gene was monitored by conventional PCR. The result of the treated group showed that the progesterone concentration was significantly decreased. The estrogen concentration was significantly increased. Moreover, the endometrium thickness was significantly decreased in the second, third, and fourth weeks, also, the ovarian diameter was significantly decreased in the first and second weeks, but it has significantly increased in the fourth week. In addition, the cervix diameter was significantly decreased in the first and second weeks, and the uterine horns diameter was significantly decreased in all weeks compared to the control group at P<0.05. The findings of the PCR study explain a substantial link between rapid uterine involution and OTXRs gene overexpression, where OTXRs gene expression was increased in the oxytocin group in comparison with the control group. This result was present in a coordinated manner with the result of the estrus cycle and ovarian reactivation. We conclude that injection of exogenous oxytocin at 100 IU/IM twice weekly for four weeks postpartum will increase the expression of the oxytocin receptor gene, leading to a decrease in the duration of uterine involution. Accelerate the occurrence of estrus in the local Iraqi breed of Karradi cows.

No abstract

This report was described the observation of five types of congenital anomalies with a Hydramnios Syndrome in prolonged gestational (6 months) three years old awassi ewe bearing an abnormal fetus for first time, ultrasonography revealed signs of pregnancy with numerous small cotyledon, high amount of bright turbid fluid (Hyper-genic), with no signs of heart beat and small abnormal ribs. Vaginal examination indicated that complete closure cervix with pale mucous membrane.

We aimed in the current study to investigate the effect of oxytocin and prostaglandin on the expression level of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTRs) in local Iraqi cows at postpartum period. A total of 30 local Iraqi cows were divided randomly into three groups; the first group was considered a control group. The second group was injected with oxytocin 100 IU/IM twice weekly for four weeks postpartum. The third group was injected with PGF2α at a dose of 500 µg/I.M. twice weekly for four weeks postpartum. The blood was collected twice weekly for four weeks from the jugular vein for DNA extraction and to measure the OXTRs receptor gene by real-time PCR. The current study showed that the OXTRs gene expression level was insignificant in the first week between the three groups. In the second, third, and fourth weeks, the oxytocin group showed the highest significant OXTRs expression level, followed by the progesterone group compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that OXTRs expression in bovine blood plasma regulates by oxytocin and prostaglandin hormones during the postpartum period.