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Cowpea aphid-born mosaic virus disease (CABMV) is one of the reasons for rejection of cowpea seed by seed inspectors in Burkina Faso. With regard to this, this study was undertaken to analyze the genetic components underlying the resistance of cowpea lines to the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) and to determine the mechanism of transmission of the resistance from parents to offspring. Therefore, crosses were made in 5x5 full diallel design. Data analysis was done following Griffing and Hayman method on disease severity and the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) for five cowpea varieties during the 2015 off-season at Kamboinse research station. The analysis of variance associated with the general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA) and reciprocal effect (RCE) showed that the genetic variability was explained by additive effect. The F 1 population showed that there was partial dominance and the narrow sense heritability for severity and AUDPC was high (60%). To improve cowpea for resistance to CABMV, rigorous choice of parents should be made before crosses and there was no maternal effect.

Considered by most producers as their coffee and cocoa as it plays a role of cash crop, cowpea constitutes in Burkina Faso an important source of income to satisfy the needs of families in rural environment. It is grown in all agro-ecological area of the country. Despite this advantage, its production is held back by biotic and abiotic constraints that significantly reduce yields. Best performing varieties are therefore needed by farmers to improve productivity and their livelihoods. The present study which is an agronomic performances evaluation of five cowpea lines at Saria station was done in the field in a Fisher block with three (03) replications. The results revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) among lines for the parameters chlorophyll content, the number of days to 95% maturity, and the weight of one hundred seeds. On the other hand, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was noted among lines concerning grain and fodder yields. However, the best results have been obtained with the improved lines BC 3 F 10 P 34-1 and BC 3 F 10 P 34-3. These lines were better than their parent KVx745-11P and could be disseminated to rural producers to ensure food security and improve their incomes.

Cowpea is a dual-purpose protein crop which has a high nutritional value. However, many problems such as cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus limit its production. This study aimed at assessing the resistance of varieties of cowpea to cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV). Thus, a complete diallel cross between five cowpea varieties was done in a partially balanced incomplete block plan (alpha design) with three replications. The F 1 descendants obtained and their parents were evaluated using five characters. Results obtained reveal that all characters discriminate the parents and F 1 descendants. All five parents tested revealed their resistance or susceptibility status to CABMV. The F 1 descendants from the cross between local Gorom x KVx640, KVx30-309-6G x KVx396-4-5-2D, KVx61-1 x KVx640, KVx640 x local Gorom and KVx640 x KVx61-1 which have shown a low severity value and a high weight of one hundred seeds are the best. They could be used in Burkina Faso' cowpea breeding program to develop resistant varieties to cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus.

Objectif : La présente étude vise à une meilleure connaissance du niébé vert par l’évaluation des performances agronomiques de douze (12) variétés. Méthodologie et résultats : Les variétés ont été évaluées par douze (12) variables quantitatives dans un dispositif en bloc de Fisher avec trois (3) répétitions à l’INERA/Kamboinsé en 2018. L’étude a montré l’existence d’une grande variabilité agronomique au sein des variétés étudiées. Des corrélations positives et significatives ont été aussi observées entre les variables. L’Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP) des variables a permis d’identifier la date 50% floraison, le SPAD, la date niébé vert, la date 95% maturité, le nombre de graines par gousse, le poids gousses, le poids graines, le poids fanes, le rendement graines et fanes comme les paramètres les plus pertinents qui discriminent les variétés. La meilleure variété a été le niébé baguette grimpant qui possédait une date niébé vert (50 jours) et une maturité (63 jours) précoce. Conclusion et application des résultats : La variété IT83S-872 a été identifiée comme très productive en termes de gousses (77 gousses). La variété Komsaré a obtenu un rendement en graines (2,72 t/ha) et en fanes (3,20 t/ha) très appréciables. Cependant, la variété IT85F-2887 s’est montrée exceptionnelle, car en plus d’avoir une date de niébé (50 jours) vert et une maturité précoce (65 jours), elle a présenté un bon rendement en graines (2,63 t/ha) et le meilleur rendement en fanes (3,67 t/ha). Ces variétés précoces, productives en graines et en fourrage pourront être des substituts du haricot vert et contribuer efficacement à l’amélioration de la production du niébé au Burkina Faso. Mots clés : niébé vert, performances agronomiques, fourrage, Burkina Faso. Coulibaly et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Évaluation des performances agronomiques de douze (12) variétés de niébé vert [Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.] au Burkina Faso. 15746 ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aims to improve knowledge on vegetable cowpea through the assessment of agronomic performances of 12 varieties. Methodology and results: The varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three (03) replications using 12 quantitative variables at the Kamboinsé research station 2018. The study revealed the existence of important agronomic variability within the studied varieties. Positive and significant correlations were also observed between variables. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified days to 50% flowering; the chlorophyll content (SPAD); days to vegetable cowpea; days to 95% maturity; number of seeds per pod, pods weight, seeds weight, fodder weight, seeds yield and fodder yield as the most relevant parameters. The best variety was niébé baguette grimpant, with the earliest days to vegetable cowpea (50 days) and days to maturity (63 days). Conclusion and application of results: The variety IT83S-872 has been identified as the highest pods productive (77 pods). The variety Komsare recorded a very appreciable seeds (2.72 t/ha) and fodder (3.20 t/ha) yield. However, the variety IT85F-2887 was exceptional, in addition to its earliness for days to vegetable cowpea (50 days) and days to maturity (65 days), it recorded the best seeds (2.63 t/ha) and fodder (3.67 t/ha) yields. These early maturing, high seeds and fodder producing varieties, could substitute common beans and effectively contribute to the improvement of cowpea production in Burkina Faso. Key words: Vegetable cowpea, agronomic performance, fodder, Burkina Faso.