No abstract

Currently, the digital economy has a huge impact on the development of the economy and the financial system in various countries of the world. Covid-19 has affected lives, businesses, economies, and the world at large. The virus has had a profound impact on business operations in many areas around the globe and more so if we look closely into what is happening now in Baku, Azerbaijan. This essay focuses on how Covid-19 may affect Baku’s digital transformation and resilience of small and medium enterprises. The first section deals with the introduction of technology in Azerbaijan and its current status, while the second part provides an analysis of how Covid-19 is affecting them. Lastly, the third section deals with future implications of these developments. The relevance of the chosen topic is expressed in the fact that the modernization of the domestic economy of states today is impossible without effective management of the development of the digital economy, which has a significant impact on the development of the financial system and business structures. The experience of foreign countries shows that the digitalization process , understood as the introduction of information and telecommunication technologies into economic processes, is objectively necessary and is accompanied by progressive changes in various areas of economic and social life. Due to the increase in the level of digitalization , the efficiency of the functioning of the business sector and individual sectors of the economy, as well as the financial system as a whole, increases. Among the tasks that modern commercial organizations face is to increase the efficiency of work and the level of competitiveness in a constantly changing market environment. It is possible to increase the efficiency of commercial activities by optimizing business processes, introducing modern equipment, using automation tools, and training personnel in new techniques and technologies for performing work. The article examined the impact of the pandemic on the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises in Azerbaijan, as well as assessed the use of digital technologies in small and medium-sized businesses and their effectiveness during the pandemic. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the pandemic had a significant impact on the acceleration of digital transformation in most countries of the world, including the economy of Azerbaijan. The aim of the research work is to study the impact of the pandemic on the digital transformation and sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises using the example of Azerbaijan.

This article is a review on the impact of prices and their dependence on the cost of oil and natural gas on the world stock markets. The main studies and results achieved in the field of the impact of prices on both the stock index and industrial stocks and the dependence on the level of oil prices are presented. The paper presents an econometric study on the choice of offers on the securities market that allows us to identify the main specifics of changes in prices for the stock index and industrial shares in the daily period from 13. 05. 2012 to 01. 12. 2019. The article uses methods for estimating the impact of the price of natural gas and WTI crude oil using the Gretl statistical program, taking into account the selection of the main correlation features of the price matrix. Of the 13 proposed research models, only one model showed its statistical insignificance. A paired linear model of the CocaCola share price dependence and its dependence on NGFO prices was presented and analyzed in detail. Based on the results of econometric modeling, linear regression models were constructed for the dependence of stock prices on the NGFO and WTISPOT prices. The Gretl environment allows you to evaluate the situation in the econometric environment and make a forecast based on the obtained models of the dependence of stock prices and make appropriate conclusions.

A jelen tanulmány ismerteti, hogy a világ értéktőzsdéin miként alakulnak az árfolyamok, és azok hogyan függnek az olaj- és földgáz bekerülési árától. Bemutatja azokat a fontosabb tanulmányokat és elért eredményeket, amelyek az árak részvényindexre és ipari részvényekre gyakorolt hatását, valamint az olajárszinttől való függését vizsgálják. Jelen dolgozat egy ökonometriai tanulmányt mutat be az értékpapírpiacokon elérhető kínálatról, amely lehetővé teszi, hogy meghatározzuk a részvényindex és az ipari részvények napi árfolyamváltozásainak főbb sajátosságait a 2012. május 13-tól a 2019. december 1-jéig tartó időszakban. A tanulmány a Gretl statisztikai program felhasználásával alkalmaz módszereket a földgázárak és a WTInyersolajárak hatásának becsléséhez, figyelembe véve az ár-mátrix kiválasztott fő korrelációs jellemzőit. A 13 javasolt kutatási modell közül csak egyről állapítottuk meg, hogy statisztikailag nem szignifikáns. Bemutattuk és részletesen elemeztük a CocaCola részvényárfolyam-függés és az NGFO-árfolyamoktól való függés párosított lineáris modelljét. Az ökonometriai modellezés eredményei alapján lineáris regressziós modelleket készítettünk a részvényárfolyamok NGFO- és WTISPOT-árfolyamoktól való függéséről. A Gretl-környezet lehetővé teszi, hogy ökonometriai környezetben értékeljük a kialakult helyzetet, előrejelzést készítsünk a kapott részvényárfolyam-függőségi modellek alapján, és levonjuk a megfelelő következtetéseket.

The paper considers the inverse problem in determining unknown coefficients in a linear elliptic equation. Theorems of existence, uniqueness and stability of the solution of inverse problems for a linear equation of elliptic type are proved. Using the method of sequential measurements, a regularizing algorithm is constructed to determine several coefficients.