Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the role of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and its prognosis after surgery in infants with biliary atresia. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using the medical records of patients diagnosed with biliary atresia who underwent surgery and liver biopsy in Mofid Children's Hospital from 2008 to 2016. The sampling method was complete enumeration and all patients admitted to the hospital in these 8 years were selected as the sample. In this study, an author-made checklist was used. According to data available in the archives of Mofid Children's Hospital, a total of 100 patients with preoperative diagnosis of biliary atresia entered the study. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The significance level in this study was considered to be 0.05. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in this study, with 64 male patients and 36 female. The patients gave birth at a minimum of 29 weeks and a maximum of 40 weeks. The gestational age was significantly related to the final diagnosis of the disease among children (p = 0.011). With a cut off value of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio of 0.95, 25 patients (50%) with biliary atresia were in the group of significant fibrosis (F4, cirrhosis) and the others were in the non-significant fibrosis group (p value = 0.021). Conclusions: In our study, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio was calculated and showed significant relationship to the final diagnosis based on liver biopsy categorizations among infants with Biliary Atresia after Portoenterostomy.

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Introduction: Osteomyelitis (OM) is a rare but serious inflammation of the bone resulting from an infection caused by an organism. Chronic osteomyelitis is an unusual inflammatory process involving multiple osseous sites. In children, osteomyelitis can be either acute or chronic. Case Presentation: This case concerns a 3-year-old girl whose medical history includes an acid attack suffered 3 years ago. She began treatment for the restoration of her scalp hair, but five weeks later, she presented at our clinic with a high-grade fever and infectious discharge from the commissure of the skull following a scalp expansion graft. Microbiologic and radiologic work-ups were conducted, and the patient was given an experimental antibiotic treatment. The brain spiral CT scan without contrast and brain MR imaging showed chronic osteomyelitis of her cranial bones. After 25 days patient was discharged with a course of oral antibiotics to continue at home. Conclusions: Although chronic skull base osteomyelitis is rare, it is a very serious condition that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient who has suffered trauma to the cranial bones or undergone skin grafts or hair restoration on their scalp. Thorough evaluation is mandatory in these cases.