The role of the active management of the banking book in the banking industry is constantly growing. The efficient and productive use of a bank's resources subject to consolidated risk and return appetite remains of upmost importance for banks of all sizes. Therefore, the use of optimization techniques to manage the banking book of a financial institution is becoming an imperative to remain profitable. This article states that application of the optimization techniques can provide useful information to understand the target structure for the banking book in terms of its composition of liabilities and is an important tool to decrease the overall cost of funding. Moreover, the application of the optimization techniques in this article is seen as the integration of the exposure to the financial risks into one approach. Keywords: optimization model, interest rate risk in the banking book, liquidity risk, objective function, constraints functions.Streszczenie: Rola aktywnego zarządzania aktywami i pasywami w sektorze bankowym stale rośnie. Wydajne i produktywne wykorzystanie zasobów banku wyrażone w postaci skonsolidowanego ryzyka i stopy zwrotu pozostaje niezwykle ważne dla banków każdej wielkości. W celu zapewnienia zyskowności, wykorzystanie technik optymalizacji do zarządzania książką bankową instytucji finansowej staje się koniecznością. W artykule stwierdzono, że zastosowanie technik optymalizacji może dostarczyć przydatnych informacji do zrozumienia docelowej struktury księgi bankowej pod względem składu pasywów i jest ważnym narzędziem do obniżenia całkowitego kosztu finansowania. Co więcej, zastosowanie technik optymalizacji jest postrzegane przez autorkę jako integracja ekspozycji na ryzyko finansowe. Słowa kluczowe: model optymalizacji, ryzyko stopy procentowej w książce bankowej, ryzyko płynności, funkcja celu, funkcje ograniczeń.
The banking industry is currently facing a number of challenges driven by the regulatory requirements, low or even negative interest rates and margin compression. As a result, active and conscious balance sheet management has increased in importance and banks are required to optimize and allocate resources very precisely to their businesses. There is a clear need for maximization of the assets income, redesign of the funding mix to achieve the lower funding costs and, at the same time, to respect regulatory requirements. This article verifies the hypotheses that the application of the optimization technique improves the management of the banking book in terms of quantifiable impact on a bank's P&L and that the funds transfer pricing (FTP) process could be used as a mean to achieve the target position of a bank. It proposes a two-step approach to prove the above hypotheses, i.e. the application of the decision model and the FTP process. In addition, the article provides the reader with the main concepts of the FTP process, FTP landscape and details regarding the Balance Sheet shaping.
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