We selected a total of 16 clinical studies, searching on PubMed and EMBASE databases, reporting original information on the MV on patients receiving NCC after acute brain injury, published in the last 10 years, in English language. Some of the included studies report data on a limited sample size. Expert commentary: The use of PLV techniques (PEEP, recruitment maneuvers, etc) in NCC patients is controversial. There is a wide variability among different centers in the treatment strategies and respiratory management of NCC patients, and there is the need for shared diagnostics and therapeutic studies, in order to improve the patients' outcome.

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There is an association between joint hypermobility, hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and different forms of orthostatic intolerance. Objective: to explore autonomic profile in a large cohort of adults with hEDS and hypermobility spectrum disorder (hEDS/HSD) with a multimodal approach. In this observational retrospective study, heart rate, blood pressure and baroreflex sensitivity were estimated in 102 hEDS/HSD subjects during deep breathing, Valsalva maneuver, standing up: 30-15 ratio, Head-Up Tilt and sustained handgrip. Abnormal results and head-up tilt test were common and included postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS; 48%), orthostatic intolerance (25.5%) and hypotension (3.9%). Baroreflex sensitivity was significantly different in individuals with POTS compared to the others. This study confirms the high rate and heterogeneity of abnormal autonomic regulation in hEDS/HSD, and suggests the baroreflex sensitivity might distinguish comorbid POTS from other profiles in this subgroup of patients. Abnormal autonomic regulation is common in adults with hEDS/HSD and should be regularly assessed for tailoring the management approach.

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