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Background:The indigenous beads-making industry in the Krobo communities in Ghana plays a significant role in improving the livelihood of rural dwellers and the national economy. However, studies have demonstrated that a host of indigenous industries in Ghana have been on the decline over the past century. Application of knowledge management (KM) methods to beads-making tacit indigenous knowledge (IK) can enhance the management and preservation of the industry in the same systematic manner as external knowledge.Objective: Being part of a PhD project, this study investigated how KM methods can be used to manage beads-making IK knowledge in the Krobo communities in eastern Ghana.Method: Qualitative data were collected using participant observation, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Data were analysed thematically, and extracted manually from the transcripts and summarised into various themes. Results:The findings of the study revealed that the socialisation process of the knowledge creation model was intensively practised in the beads-making communities to create and utilise knowledge, while the internalisation, combination and externalisation processes were practised at a low rate. On the contrary, organising 'ba' and dialoguing 'ba' were practised and found in the communities, while systematising 'ba' and exercising 'ba' were rarely practised. Conclusion:The study concludes that the knowledge creation model can be partially used to manage indigenous beads-making IK in the Krobo communities in Ghana. The study recommended, among other things, the need for officials of community radio stations, especially state-owned radio and the information centres in the local communities, to develop and broadcast programmes to disseminate information relevant to beads producers so that beads-making knowledge creation and development in the communities do not disappear, and that they should utilise storytelling, drama, traditional dance and singing competitions in the local languages to support the preservation of indigenous beads making.

Software vulnerability detection is an active area of research in the software engineering domain. This is partly due to the continuous disclosure of security vulnerabilities. Although previous studies demonstrate the usefulness of employing several detection techniques, models, tools in detecting software vulnerabilities, the improvement of effectiveness of these detection models and tools is still a major challenge to researchers and practitioners. Cascaded Refinement Network (CRN) is novel model that has been successfully applied in several domains of studies such as image analysis, however its application to the field of vulnerability analysis has not been investigated. Motivated by the model effectiveness in these fields of studies, we investigate its feasibility within the domain of vulnerability detection using a theoretical framework. The analysis involves first presenting a general overview of the static analysis tools, and then an overview of the theoretical framework for vulnerability detection based on the CRN. The preliminary findings show that the concept is feasible within the domain of vulnerability detection.