OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical factors, as well as weight gain, in a group of pregnant women, associating them with fetal macrosomia in a public institution in Antioquia, Colombia, from 2010-2017.METHODS A case-control study, using secondary information registries. Cases were defined using newborn weight of ≥ 4000g, while controls were defined as newborn weight between 3000–3999g. A proportion ratio (PR) was established to evaluate factors associated with macrosomia, and a generalized linear model (GLM) of Poisson regression with robust variance was used to evaluate the aspects that best explained macrosomia in the neonate.RESULTS 122 pregnant women participated in the study, of which 611 were cases and 61 were controls. Of the participants, 44.3% had pre-pregnancy overweight and 48.4% had excess gestational weight gain. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the following variables: pre-pregnancy BMI (p = 0.004), gestational weight gain (p = 0.000), gestational diabetes (p = 0.000), and type of delivery (p = 0.004). According to the regression model, a macrosomic newborn is 3.5 times more likely in women with excessive gestational weight gain (95%CI 1.78-7.18) and twice more likely in women who have gestational diabetes (95%CI 1.51-2.76). Of women with pre-pregnancy excess weight, 63% had excess gestational weight gain.CONCLUSIONS Within this cohort, pre-pregnancy BMI, excess weight gain in pregnancy, and the presence of gestational diabetes were associated with an increased risk of neonatal macrosomia. pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain in pregnancy are modifiable risk factors that are responsive to nutrition interventions, which can minimize adverse perinatal outcomes.

Objective. To examine the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), TfR1, and TfR1-attached terminal monosaccharides in placentas of women with IDAP and severe preeclampsia.Methods. TfR1 and HIF-1αwere detected by western blot. Immunoadsorption of TfR1 was performed to characterize the terminal monosaccharides by specific lectin binding.Results. There was no difference in the expression of TfR1 and HIF-1αbetween groups. Lectin blot analysis pointed out an overexpression of galactoseβ1-4N-acetylglucosamine (Gal-GlcNAc) and mannose in severe preeclampsia.Conclusion. The increase in Gal-GlcNAc may be due to the increased presence of antennary structures and the mannose glycans of TfR1 may indicate the presence of misfolded or incomplete proteins. These findings may be associated with the low expression of placental TfR1 in women with preeclampsia.

INTRODUCCIÓN El estado nutricional materno antes y durante la gestación tiene un gran impacto en los resultados materno-fetales (1). El hierro es un nutriente esencial, cofactor de diferentes enzimas del metabolismo (2), necesario para la síntesis de neurotransmisores y la mielinización del sistema nervioso (3) y un componente básico de la hemoglobina y la mioglobina (2). Las alteraciones en el estado de hierro materno durante la gestación se han asociado a enfermedades desde la anemia ferropénica hasta la preeclampsia. La anemia, diagnosticada por una reducción en la concentración de hemoglobina materna (<11g/dl) y de la ferritina sérica (<15ug/L) (4), disminuye la capacidad de trabajo en la madre, aumenta el riesgo de infecciones y el tiempo de tratamiento (5). En el feto, la anemia se ha asociado con restricción de crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU),

Objectives: to determine the relationship between maternal hemoglobin (HbM) per gestational trimester and birthweight (BW). Methods: this was an analytical, cross-sectional observational study that included the prenatal records of494 pregnant women who delivered live newborns in the Department of Antioquia. The maternal health data collected included HbM and BW, and gynecological and obstetric, anthropometric, and maternal health-related data. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied, supplemented by effect size (ES) to compare the study groups. Results: HbMin the third trimester was significantly associated with BW (p=0.029).It showed a significant effect size on BW as follows: first trimester: ES=0.44 (CI95%= 0.183-0.697); second trimester: ES=0.49 (CI95%= 0.187-0.79); and third trimester: ES=0.43 (CI95% = 0.202-0.658). Maternal anemia was 4.2%>, 11.2%, and 21.4%> in the first, second, and third trimester, respectively. Conclusions: as it is an inexpensive indicator and easy to determine, the timely monitoring and assessment of HbM is required owing to its importance in maternal and neonatal health, quality of life, and human capital development.