RISK FACTORS FOR FOOT ULCERATION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUSABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the risk of foot ulceration in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Quantitative study, with 71 individuals in a Primary Health Unit of a municipality in the state of Paraná. The data were collected through a home interview and a physical examination of the feet, from July to September 2016. The foot with risk of ulceration was identified in 35.2% of the studied population. The most prevalent risk factors for ulceration were inadequate nail cutting, use of inadequate footwear, presence of mycosis, callosities and cracked or dry skin. Inadequate capillary filling, loss of sensitivity and history of ulcers were associated with the risk of ulceration. Health professionals should recognize and value the importance of the foot examination and the provision of theoretical and practical guidance regarding foot care for individuals with diabetes. DESCRIPTORS: Diabetes mellitus; Nursing; Primary healthcare; Risk factors. FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA ULCERACIÓN EN LOS PIES DE INDIVIDUOS CON DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2RESUMEN: Fue objetivo del estudio analizar los factores asociados al riesgo de ulceración de los pies de individuos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Estudio cuantitativo, con 71 individuos en una Unidad Básica de Salud de un municipio del estado de Paraná. Los datos fueron obtenidos en entrevista domiciliar y con prueba física de los pies, en el periodo de julio a septiembre de 2016. El pie con riesgo de ulceración fue identificado en 35,2% de la población estudiada. Los factores de riesgo de ulceraciones más prevalentes fueron el corte inadecuado de las uñas, la utilización de zapatos inadecuados, presencia de micosis, callosidades, rajadura y piel seca. El llenado capilar inadecuado, la pérdida de sensibilidad y el histórico de úlceras estuvieron asociados al riesgo de ulceración. Se concluye que es esencial que los profesionales de salud reconozcan y valoren la importancia de la prueba de los pies y de orientaciones teóricas y prácticas acerca de los cuidados necesarios a los pies de individuos con diabetes. DESCRIPTORES: Diabetes mellitus; Enfermería; Atención básica a la salud; Factores de riesgo.
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