The quality of communication is directly related to patient satisfaction and can influence health outcomes. However, most doctors still have poor communication skills. A systematic literature search in PubMed, Cochrane, and Science Direct was conducted to retrieve studies reporting the use of peer role-play (PRP) for doctor-patient communication skills training in medical students. The quality of each study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. A total of 1,620 studies were obtained from electronic database search and screening of reference lists. After removing irrelevant studies and duplicates, one randomized control trial (RCT) and eight quasi-experimental studies were included in this systematic review. Peer role-play was perceived to be as useful as simulated patients (SP) training methods with comparable post-intervention objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scores. Majority of students preferred PRP for learning communication skills over didactic lectures. The limitation of this review is the scarcity of eligible studies, high variability in the PRP programs across studies, and the lack of grey literature included. Peer role-play might be a cost-effective method to improve doctor-patient communication skills with comparable results (student’s perception and OSCE scores) with the expensive use of simulated patients. However, further study is needed to support this statement.

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative joint disease worldwide but its treatment can cause serious adverse events. Ethanol extract of peanut shells contains luteolin functioned as its main anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective agent. Apis dorsata honey also contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, especially from Tualang honey type. Both have the potential to reduce inflammation and prevent articular degradation in osteoarthritis.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of peanut shells extract and Apis dorsata honey on matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) level in monosodium iodoacetate-induced (MIA) osteoarthritic rats.Methods: In this in vivo study, female Wistar rats (n=27) were randomly divided to nine groups containing three rats each. Treatment was given to group 1, 2, and 3: Tualang honey (TH) 25% + peanut shells extract (PSE) with 1%, 5%, and 10% concentration; group 4, 5, and 6: TH 50% + PSE with 1%, 5%, and 10% concentration; group 7: diclofenac sodium (positive control); group 8: aquadest (negative control); and group 9: aquadest (normal) for 10 days. We induced knee osteoarthritis by intraarticular injection of MIA in day 4. Anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective activities were evaluated with MMP-3 ELISA.Results: The mixture of peanut shells extract and Apis dorsata honey significantly reduced MMP-3 level in group 1 (331.12 pg/ml), group 2 (291.73 pg/ml), group 3 (266.58 pg/ml), group 4 (274.15 pg/ml), group 5 (251.12 pg/ml), and group 6 (220.52 pg/ml) after 10 days of treatment. MMP-3 level was also evaluated in group 7 (169.61 pg/ml), group 8 (413.55 pg/ml), and group 9 (39 pg/ml). Compared to the negative control group, treatment and diclofenac groups showed significant effect in reducing MMP-3 level in patello-femoral articular cartilage.Conclusion: Peanut shells extract and Apis dorsata honey showed antiinflammatory and chondroprotective effect by reducing MMP-3 level in MIA-induced osteoarthritic rats.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and regenerative medicine are becoming inextricably linked. As a result, the long-term outlook for the advancement of AI, regenerative medicine, and stem cells in the healthcare industry is incredibly bright. AI is being used in healthcare to discover new drugs and to provide personalized medicine based on big data. It can improve medical diagnosis and treatment plans. Regenerative medicine has the potential to repair damaged tissues and organs through stem cell-based regenerative medicine. Stem cell research is also undergoing significant development as a major component of the approach to regenerative medicine. In the future, it is expected that it will contribute to more personalized and more effective treatments. Integrating AI can help model and simulate cellular behavior, analyze, and process images for cell tracking and tissue engineering, and analyze large amounts of genomic and proteomic data. Together, these fields have the potential to transform healthcare and improve patient outcomes.

Introduction: The diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), an ongoing global pandemic with more than 3 million cases worldwide both in developed and developing countries, requires molecular or serological tests that are not available in some settings. This systematic review provides further evidence to assess the diagnostic accuracy of routine laboratory tests to detect COVID-19 in suspected COVID-19 patients in resource-limited point of care and mobile laboratory. Methodology: Comprehensive and systematic literature search in electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Online Wiley Library) was conducted to retrieve studies published between December 2019 and April 2020 reporting the diagnostic value of routine laboratory tests in the diagnosis of COVID-19. The quality of each study was assessed using QUADAS2. Literature search and study selection were depicted in PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram. Results: Three studies were included in this review. Two studies reported poor accuracy (AUC 0.075 and 0.624) of lymphopenia to detect COVID-19. One study reports good accuracy (AUC 0.858) of neutrophilia to detect COVID-19 amongst suspected cases. One multi-gated cross-sectional study reports poor discriminatory ability (AUC 0.65) of neutrophilia to discriminate between COVID-19 and CAP. Because of its big variability between patients and poor diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.112 and 0.624), leukocyte count should not be a single parameter to determine COVID-19 patient status. Conclusions: Neutrophil percentage might be helpful to determine COVID-19 status for suspected patients at the primary point of care or even in a mobile laboratory for countries with limited resources, but further study is needed to support this statement.

Objective: This study aims to review the role of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder (PASD) Method: This review used several databases, namely Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, Medline, PubMed, Proquest, dan Wiley Online Library to search original and review articles in English about placenta accreta spectrum, placenta accreta, vitamin D, and vitamin D receptor in the last 10 years. Other reference sources used were guidelines and textbooks. Results: A total of four articles were included in this review. Discussion: Placenta accreta spectrum disorder is becoming more common around the world, owing to the rise in cesarean deliveries. It is linked to several risk factors, including a lack of vitamin D. Vitamin D and its receptor stimulate endometrial decidualization, which aids implantation. Vitamin D receptors in human placental trophoblasts create and respond to 1,25(OH)2D3, which promotes the conversion of endometrial cells to decidual cells. Women with PASD are mostly suffering from vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: Vitamin D levels may influence trophoblast invasion in PASD and can be a potential diagnostic marker. Peran Vitamin D dan Reseptor Vitamin D dalam Spektrum Plasenta Akreta: Suatu Tinjauan Pustaka Abstrak Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau peran vitamin D dan reseptor vitamin D dalam Spektrum Plasenta Akreta (SPA) Metode: Tinjauan pustaka ini menggunakan beberapa sumber data yaitu Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, Medline, PubMed, Proquest, dan Wiley Online Library untuk mencari artikel penelitian dan tinjauan pustaka dalam Bahasa Inggris mengenai plasenta akreta, vitamin D, dan reseptor vitamin D dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Sumber referensi lain yang digunakan adalah pedoman dan buku teks. Hasil: Sebanyak empat artikel dimasukkan dalam ulasan ini. Diskusi: Spektrum Plasenta Akreta terjadi lebih sering di seluruh dunia karena meningkatnya persalinan sesar. Plasenta akreta terkait dengan beberapa faktor risiko termasuk kekurangan vitamin D. Vitamin D dan reseptornya merangsang desidualisasi endometrium dan berperan dalam implantasi. Reseptor vitamin D pada trofoblas plasenta membuat dan merespons 1,25(OH)2D3 yang mendorong konversi sel endometrium menjadi sel desidua. Mayoritas wanita dengan SPA mengalami kekurangan vitamin D. Kesimpulan: Kadar vitamin D dapat mempengaruhi invasi trofoblas pada SPA dan berpotensi menjadi penanda diagnostik. Kata kunci: spektrum plasenta akreta, reseptor vitamin D, vitamin D