Every year, about 3 million stillbirths occur globally, almost a third occurring during the intra-partum period. Almost all stillbirths (98%) occur in low and middle income countries, with Nigeria having the third largest burden. The aim of this study was to determine the stillbirth rate and its determinants in the Federal Medical Centre Katsina, located in north western Nigeria. This study was a retrospective review of all deliveries conducted between 1st March 2010 and 31st December 2012 in Federal Medical Centre Katsina. Data were extracted from labor room and theatre records, and patient folders. Cases were matched with controls by booking status. The privacy and confidentiality of information retrieved from cases and controls was also ensured by anonymizing the data retrieved. No conflict of interest was identified. The data was analyzed with SPSS 20. During the period under review, there were 6628 deliveries, out of which 331 of the products were stillborn. The stillbirth rate was 46.9±3.6 per 1000 deliveries. Determinants of stillbirths were antepartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, uterine rupture, low birth weight and congenital fetal malformations. The study highlighted the poor perinatal health in the study population.

There is a paucity of information regarding the epidemiology and outcome of COVID-19 from low/middleincome countries, including from Nigeria. This single-center study described the clinical features, laboratory findings, and predictors of in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients. Patients admitted between April 10, 2020 and June 10, 2020 were included. Forty-five patients with a mean age of 43 (16) years, predominantly male (87%), presented with fever (38%), cough (29%), or dyspnea (24%). In-hospital mortality was 16%. The independent predictors of mortality were hypoxemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3-5.1) and creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL (aOR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.9-9.8).

Introduction The global spread of COVID-19 remains unabated in the past few months with a rise in the number of available literature on the novel virus. There are very few paediatric studies and are mainly from developed countries with a paucity of information on the clinical manifestation of COVID-19 disease in African children, including Nigeria. Methods We described the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome in a group of five Nigerian children managed at a COVID-19 isolation and treatment centre in Nigeria. Results We managed a total of five children with an age range of 3 months to 8 years in the last four weeks (16th April to 15th May 2020). Three of the five children were males. All the children had close contact with family members that tested positive for COVID-19. Out of the five children, one had moderate disease, three had mild symptomatic disease, and one was asymptomatic. Two out of the five children had lymphocytosis. Out of the four children who had chest radiograph, two had features of pneumonia. Conclusion COVID-19 is not uncommon in Nigerian children, and all had a confirmed family member with COVID-19. Besides, contrary to leucopaenia with lymphopaenia observed in the adult’s population, we found lymphocytosis in this cohort and about 50.0% had pneumonic changes on chest radiograph.

BACKGROUND: Despite the concern on the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 on tuberculosis (TB), there is a paucity of information from the developing countries inclusive of Nigeria. CASE REPORT: Hence, we report two cases of Nigerian’ adults with coinfections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The two cases were males and aged 30 and 33 years, respectively. They presented with cough, fever, and weight loss with features of acute respiratory symptoms and a history of contact with a confirmed COVID-19. The GeneXpert for MTB detected was high, and chest radiographs showed both features suggestive of TB, and COVID-19. They both received quadruple anti-TB regimen, along with lopinavir/ritonavir. The first case was discharged after 15 days, while the second patient died 6 days into the admission. CONCLUSION: This case reports showed that COVID-19 superimposed on TB may not be uncommon in our environment and may have a poorer outcome. Hence, there is a need for a high index of suspicion for TB infection in endemic area during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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