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1,130 cases of self-poisoning were identified. The mean age was 25 ± 10.1 years and the sex ratio was 0.4. Paraphenylenediamine was the most common cause of death (48 deaths), followed by hydrochloric acid (15 deaths). A close relationship was found between progression to healing and female adolescents and between progression to death and men in other age groups. The study also found that patients who used paraphenylenediamine were twelve times more likely to die (CI95%: 7.4%-19.2%) than those who used other substances. Patients with respiratory and cardiovascular conditions had a relative risk of 9.8 (CI95%: 6.3%-16%) and 3.6 (CI95%: 2.3%-5.7%). Of the 937 cases with known outcome, 89 died (9.5%).

Agriculture and EnvironmentAbstract -Effect of temperature and endosperm on the dormancy and germination of olive embryos, Olea europaea L. Moroccan Picholine Variety. The germination capacity of embryos of Moroccan Picholine was higher than seed at 21°C (69 and 6% respectively). This inhibitory effect of the endosperm was decreased after a pretreatment at 9°C for 21 or 28 days. This effect was not signifiant in the case of embryos excised before chilling of seeds (germination enhanced from 69 to 100%) compared with embryos chilled while in the intact seed and excised at the end of each chilling period at 9°C before transfer at 21°C (69 to 96%). The germination, under constant temperature conditions was optimal at 13°C, and very low results were obtained at 25 and 29°C. The pretreatment at 9°C has improved the speed of germination, the germination percentage at different temperatures, the elongation of the hypocotyl and suppressed the inhibitory effect of factors causing dormancy at 13 and at 25°C. Our results show that olive seeds exhibit a dormancy that is caused by factors residing partly in the endosperm and partly within the embryo. olive / Olea europaea L. / germination / dormancy / temperatureRésumé -Les embryons de la Picholine marocaine germent mieux que les graines à 21°C (69 et 6 % respectivement). Cet effet inhibiteur de l'endosperme est atténué par un prétraitement à 9°C pendant 21 ou 28 jours. Cet effet n'est pas significatif dans le cas des embryons excisés avant le prétraitement des graines (germination augmentant de 69 à 100 %) comparés à ceux excisés à partir des graines ayant subi un prétraitement à 9°C avant le transfert à 21°C (69 à 96 %). La germination sous des températures constantes est optimale à 13°C. Les plus faibles résultats étant obtenus à 25 et à 29°C. Le prétraitement à 9°C améliore le taux et la vitesse de germination aux différentes températures ainsi que l'élon-gation de l'hypocotyle. Par ailleurs il a annulé l'effet inhibiteur des facteurs provoquant la dormance à 13 et à 25°C. Nos résultats montrent que les graines manifestent une dormance due à des facteurs résidant en partie dans l'endosperme et en partie dans l'embryon. N. Brhadda et al.

Objectives: In Morocco the large number of cosmetic products is sold freely without control or registration. The lack of knowledge of the composition of these products make therapeutic management in case of poisoning very difficult and sometimes causes unnecessary health spending even if these poisoning are often benign. The objective of this study is to establish the epidemiological profile of a poisoning by lightening creams collected at the Moroccan Poison Control and Pharmacovigilance Center. Methods: This is a retrospective study of poisoning case by lightening creams collected at the Moroccan Poison Control and Pharmacovigilance Center between 1992 and 2008. Results: During the study period, 95 cases were collected. The mean age is 20 years ± 1.4 [1-70 ans], and the F/M sex ratio is 1.73. In 90 (95%) cases, the route of poisoning was oral. The Suicide attempts represent 33 % of cases. Women are often voluntarily intoxicated. However, men were concerned by involuntary intoxication (p = 0.003). Eighty three cases were urban (87%) and 90 cases occured at home (95%). The digestive disorders were found in 68 cases associeted or not with a neurological disorders (33 cases), cardiovascular disorders (14 cases), and respiratory distress (6 cases). The evolution was favorable in all cases. Conclusions: The implementation of the new law recording to the registration of cosmetic products in the ministry of health before marketing will ensure certainly a better orientation of the poisoning case management and improve the patient safety.

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