Breed affects the incidence of developing and presenting with bilateral cranial cruciate ligament disease. Breed and sex both affect the age that patients present with cranial cruciate ligament disease.

CLP and HDCP may both be used successfully to achieve pancarpal arthrodesis. Adjunctive external coaptation does not appear to have a measurable clinical benefit but is associated with morbidity.

Congenital sliding, oesophageal or type I hiatal hernia was diagnosed in a five-month-old pug puppy presented for evaluation of dyspnoea post feeding. The diagnosis was confirmed using plain film radiography. Surgical reduction of the hernia followed by plication of the oesophageal hiatus, oesophagopexy and left flank gastropexy permitted restoration of normal function. At 12 months of age, the dog was asymptomatic. This article describes the diagnosis and treatment of a congenital type 1 oesophageal hiatal herniation with unusual clinical presentation.

Computed tomography (CT) is an established technique for detecting shoulder lesions in dogs, however the clinical significance of shoulder CT lesions often remains uncertain. The purposes of this retrospective study were to describe the prevalence of CT lesions in both shoulder joints for 89 dogs presenting with thoracic limb lameness and to compare CT lesions with clinical characteristics. For all included dogs, results of a full orthopedic examination, other diagnostic tests, and signalment data were available in medical records. Multilevel, multivariable logistic regression was used to test clinical significance of the most prevalent CT lesions and determine factors associated with their presence. Computed tomographic lesions were detected in one or both shoulder joints for 51/89 dogs (57.3%). Mineralization of one or more surrounding peri-articular soft-tissue structures was identified in 31.5% of dogs, with supraspinatus muscle/tendon mineralization being the most frequently identified (24.7%). The prevalence of humeral head osteochondrosis was 9 and 21.3% of dogs had shoulder osteoarthritis. Border collies (odds ratio [OR] 9.3; 95% CI 1.39-62.1, P = 0.02) and dogs with shoulder pain (OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.08-17.1, P = 0.04) had increased risk of osteochondrosis lesions. Border collies (OR 8.4; 95% CI 1.27-55.6; P = 0.03) and older animals (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02-1.1, P < 0.001) had increased risk of osteoarthritis lesions. Female entire dogs had an increased risk of supraspinatus mineralization lesions (OR 6.8; 95% CI 1.55-29.5, P = 0.01). Findings indicated that shoulder CT lesions are common in dogs with thoracic limb lameness, and that some CT lesions are not associated with shoulder pain.

Objective To report overall rate and type of complications and outcomes of cats with coxofemoral luxation managed with hip toggle stabilization (HTS), to compare rate of postoperative complications and outcomes of cats treated with ultrahigh–molecular‐weight‐polyethylene (UHMWPE) or nylon, and to identify risk factors for reluxation and non‐excellent outcomes. Study design Multi‐institutional retrospective cohort study. Sample population Forty‐eight client‐owned cats. Methods Medical records of cats that underwent HTS from 2008‐2018 using UHMWPE or nylon were reviewed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess for factors associated with reluxation and non‐excellent outcome. Final outcome was obtained from owner questionnaire. Results Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded in two (4.2%) and 11 (24.4%) cats, respectively. The most common postoperative complication was reluxation (n = 5 [11.1%]). Outcome was classified as excellent in 81.1% and good in 16.2% of cats after a median of 445.5 days (range, 53‐3720). No difference in rate of complications or outcomes was identified between UHMWPE and nylon. Performance of additional orthopedic procedures, occurrence of intraoperative complications, and non‐performance of capsulorrhaphy were associated with reluxation. Performance of additional non‐hip procedures (orthopedic/nonorthopedic) was associated with non‐excellent outcome. Conclusion Hip toggle stabilization was associated with a low rate of intraoperative complications and reluxation and excellent long‐term outcomes in most cats. No difference in rate of postoperative complications or outcomes of cats treated using UHMWPE or nylon was identified. Cats that underwent additional orthopedic procedures had greater risk of reluxation. Clinical significance Hip toggle stabilization is an effective technique for management of coxofemoral luxation in cats. Comparable results are expected using UHMWPE or nylon.