Relationships among the latitudes of acceptance, rejection, and noncommitment were investigated to develop indicators of ego involvement, using the owncategories method and the method of ordered alternatives. Degree of involvement was differentiated across attitude positions (extreme-moderate) and among persons taking the same position. Findings from five studies were that degree of involvement is (a) inversely related to fineness of discrimination in judging beliefs about one's reference group; ( 6) associated with the priority of normative concerns (values) in one's reference group; (c) positively related to selectivity in attributing credibility to communicators and to contrast effects in judging communicator positions; (d) inversely related to attitude change in response to short communications; and (e) positively related to the probability of action and positive response to social pressures to action congruent with attitude. Factors affecting the indicators and possible implications for attitude research arc discussed.Theories about attitude functioning and change frequently make predictions that are contingent upon the degree of intensity, personal meaning, importance, or ego involvement of the attitude object to the person (cf.

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This study is an attempt to demonstrate empirically that the way in which one views love occurs within a broad and definable existential context. John Lee's (1974; 1977) typology of six "lovestyles" was investigated in relation to other phenomenological dimensions, including the fear of death, ego strength, self-esteem, and the meaningfulness of life. The lovestyles were also related to various self-ratings and demographic variables. One hundred and fifty-three undergraduates responded to measures of lovestyle and the existential and demographic variables. Existential profiles were generated for each lovestyle. A canonical correlation procedure resulted in an equation that placed the lovestyles along an existential dimension broadly conceived of as affirmativeness. The agapic and manic lovestyles were particularly prominent in that they seemed to occur within opposite existential contexts. The agapic appeared as a giving and positive position and the manic as dependent and negative. Comments are offered on the value of studying love and on the relevance of the findings to the theories of Maslow, Fromm, and others.

This study examined the relationship between creativity and openness. Two elaborative and two evaluative measures were administered to 56 undergraduates. A multi-trait multi-method approach was used to analyze Pearson correlations among all measures. Significant correlations were based on the commonality of method rather than trait. It was suggested that creativity and openness were best explained in terms of a typology rather than as unidimensional traits.