Various counter-terrorism efforts have been carried out by the Cambodian government, resulting in Cambodia being ranked 135th on the Global Terrorism Index as a country affected by terrorist action with a score of 0.00, meaning there are no more threats or acts of terrorism in Cambodia. This research aims to analyze the counter-terrorism efforts that have been carried out by the Government of Cambodia. This research uses a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. The results of the research show that in Cambodia, there are 7 (seven) terrorist groups, both domestic and foreign, namely: the Khmer Rouge; Cambodian Freedom Fighters /CFF; Khmer Front Movement; the Khmer National Unity Front / KNUF; Khmer National Liberation Front / KNLF; Empire Movement, and the Jemaah Islamiah / JI through the Om Al Qura Foundation. The strategy taken by the Government of Cambodia to address terrorism includes: the formation of counter-terrorism laws, the formation of special counter-terrorism forces and closing access to terrorism financing. In addition, at the ASEAN regional level, the Cambodian government has established cooperation with ASEAN countries in addressing terrorism through information exchange, joint training, and extradition. Meanwhile, at the international level, Cambodia also cooperates in counter-terrorism with the United States and Australia.
The issue of the South China Sea conflict as part of the political constellation of the Asia Pacific region has been going on for decades, but until now it has not been resolved even though various settlement efforts have been made by the disputing parties. Although Indonesia is not part of a country that claims territory in the South China Sea (non-claimante state), Indonesia has an interest in efforts to resolve the South China Sea conflict. The purpose of the study is to analyze Indonesia's national interest in efforts to resolve conflicts in the South China Sea. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques using literature study. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia's national interests in efforts to resolve conflicts in the South China Sea are: Securing national territorial integrity, Securing Economic Resources and protecting the safety of citizens.
The war that occurred in the last few decades is no longer dominated by conventional wars that use military force in battle, but modern wars where the perpetrators are not limited to state actors, but also non-state actors, in fact both of them can together become a threat. One type of modern warfare is asymmetric warfare. The illicit circulation of drugs in Indonesia is a form of asymmetric war used to weaken the nation's defense. The purpose of this research is to analyze the active defense strategy of the National Narcotics Board in facing asymmetric warfare, in this case illicit drug trafficking in Indonesia. The research method uses qualitative with a descriptive analytic approach. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The results showed that the active defense strategy of the National Narcotics Board in facing the asymmetrical warfare of illicit drug trafficking was formulated through four institutional functions of the National Narcotics Board namely Eradication, Prevention, Community Empowerment and Rehabilitation. Eradication is used to facing threats in plain sight. Prevention is used to facing potential/predictable threats. Rehabilitation is used to facing threats that have already had an impact and Community Empowerment is used to facing threats that are still probable/possible.
This study aims to investigate The phenomenon of increasing women's involvement in acts of terrorism, especially "lone wolf terrorism" lately needs special attention from policy makers. Women who so far seem far from violent, have in fact been involved in several cases of terrorism, even as "lone wolf terrorism". This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results showed that the first case of “lone wolf terrorism” in Indonesia occurred in 2021. The motivation of women to become terrorists is based on psychological and sociological aspects. Sociological level aspects include self-selected, self-radicalized and lone wolf terrorism. While the psychological aspects include: economic motives, justice motives, situational motives, social motives, superiority motives, and actualization motives.
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