In this study, we hypothesized whether cryosurgery could be used effectively for the removal of perichondrium in a simpler and easily reproducible model instead of the previously described conventional surgery. Methods The study was carried out with the approval of the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of our institution (no. 14/190). Six young male New Zealand white rabbits (3,000 to 3,500 g) were used. The animals were kept under standardized housing and animal care conditions following the guidelines of the ethics committee. Surgical procedure Removal of the perichondrium was performed with conventional surgery on the left ears and cryosurgery was performed on the right ears. To prevent any possible performance bias, surgical removal was performed by an experienced surgeon as previously

BACKGROUND: There is currently no standard medical device and method available for hyperthermic intraperitoneal therapy studies in rats. In this study, we present our designed device and algorithm that operates based on our own protocol for hyperthermic intraperitoneal treatment in rats. The aim was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed device, algorithm, and hyperthermia protocol by showing that the device can achieve the desired temperature inside the rat’s abdomen, does not cause rat loss due to complications, operates autonomously, and provides warnings to the operator in case of emergencies. METHODS: A closed method for intraperitoneal hyperthermia protocol was established for 6 female 8-week-old (280–310 g) albino Wistar rats. Fluid inlet and outlet tubes and a temperature probe were inserted through a 1 cm vertical incision between the xiphoid and bladder in the rat’s abdomen, and the skin was sutured in a circular manner. A protocol for intraperitoneal hyperthermic treatment was established using a saline solution at a flow rate of 100 mL/min for 60 min, maintaining a temperature of 41°C±0.5 inside the rat’s abdomen. RESULTS: During the study, a temperature of 41°C±0.5 was successfully achieved in the abdomen of all rats at a flow rate of 100 mL/min±5 for 60 min. Due to three rats reaching a rectal temperature above 38.5°C during the hyperthermia protocol, external cooling was applied to the rat’s tail base using ice. There were no losses until the postoperative 72 nd h, and the study was successfully completed. CONCLUSION: Our designed device and algorithm, which prioritize animal welfare, operate rapidly, safely, and with high accuracy sensitivity, have been successful in hyperthermic intraperitoneal treatment studies in rats. We believe that they can be used as a standard method and approach in hyperthermic intraperitoneal studies in rats.

ÖZ 2005-2014 yılları arasında kliniğimize kabul edilen 43 buzağıda intestinal atresia'lar gözlenmiş ve çalışmaya dahil edilen olguların preoperatif, intraoperatif ve postoperatif bulguları değerlendirilmiştir. Atresia ani gözlenen 27 olgunun 16 sının (%59.25) erkek, 11'inin (%40,74) dişi olduğu; tüm atresia'lar içinde % 62.79 oranında gözlendiği belirlenmiştir. Değerlendirmeye alınan buzağılar içinde 11 olguda (% 25.58) atresia koli gözlenmiş, 3 olguda (% 6.97) atresia ani et rekti; 2 olguda da ( % 4.65) atresia ani et rektovaginal fistül belirlenmiştir. Atresia ani et rekti gözlenen 3 olgudan 1'inin simental, 1'inin yerli-melez, 1 olgunun da Montafon ırkı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Atresia ani et rektovaginal fistül gözlenen 2 olgudan 1'i Simental, diğeri ise yerli-melez olduğu kayıtlara geçmiştir. Atresia koli olgularından 6 'sı Holstein, 3'ü Simental, 1'i yerlimelez ve 1'inin de Montafon ırkı buzağı olduğu saptanmıştır. İntestinal atresia gözlenen 43 buzağı içindeki 27 atresia ani, 3 atresia ani et rekti ve 2 atresia ani et rektovaginal fistül belirlenen olgulara operatif girişim yapılmış ve tümü hayatta kalmıştır. Atresia koli gözlenen 11 olgudan 2'si hayatta kalmış ve diğerleri postoperatif kısa peryotta ölmüştür. Sonuç olarak, intestinal atresia'lar içinde atresia koli olguları hariç diğer atresia'ların operatif girişimle yaşatılabildikleri, İntestinal atresia'ların erken tanısının operatif sağaltımın başarısını arttıracağı sonucuna varıldı. ABSTRACTThe study cases were 43 calves accepted to our clinics between 2005-2014 evaluated for preoperative,operative and postoperative results of intestinal atresias. The atresia ani cases (n=27) were found to consists of males (n=16,%59.25) and females (n=11, %40,74) and overall rate over other type of atresias was % 62.79. In 11 cases (% 25.58) Atresia coli, 3 cases (% 6.97) were found to have Atresia ani et recti; 2 cases ( % 4.65) were found to have Atresia ani et rectovaginal fistula. The cases of Atresia ani consisted of Holstein (n=19), Simental (n=7) and a mixed breed (n=1) calves. The Atresia coli cases were consisted of n=6 Holstein, n=3 Simental, n=1 local -mixed breed and n=1 Montafon calves. The selected 27 cases of atresia ani, 3 atresia ani et recti and 2 atresia ani et rectovaginal fistula cases over 43 calves were operated and survived.The Atresia coli group of 11 cases were operated but only 2 of them survived, others were lost in early postoperative period. In results, except atresia coli cases, rest of the intestinal atresia patients were able to survive after operative intervention, Early prognosis was found to be crucial for the success of operative treatment in intestinal atresias.

Anestezinin amacı hastaya en az riskle geri dönüşümlü bilinçsizlik, amnezi, analjezi ve hareketsizlik sağlamaktır. Ancak anestezik ilaçlar ve yardımcı maddeler, beklenmedik zamanlarda ve beklenmedik şekilde hastanın homeostasis'ini bozabilirler. Anestezi sırasında gelişebilecek ani bir kriz, ne yazık ki hastayı hayati bir tehlikeye sokabilir. Bu açıdan monitörizasyonun amacı organ fonksiyonları ve vital değerler hakkında sürekli bilgi akışı sağlayarak anestezinin güvenliğini en yüksek seviyede tutmak ve anestezinin risklerini en aza indirmektir. Bu derlemede Veteriner Cerrahide Küçük hayvanlarda vital parametrelerin monitörizasyonu hakkında güncel bilgiler vermek amaçlanmıştır.