The ileal digestibilities of maize starch and native pea starch do not differ. However maize starch is digested faster than pea starch and the ileal amino acid digestibility of a diet containing pea starch is lower. In the present study, the net portal fluxes of glucose, lactate, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and amino acids were measured for diets including 650 g maize starch or pea starchhcg. The diets were fed at a level 870 kJ digestible energykg'"' twice daily (06.00 and 18.00 hours) to four female pigs in a crossover design. Portal vein blood flow did not differ between maize and pea starches (1620 and 1484 mumin respectively; SED 100; P = 0.23). For maize starch portal glucose flux was significantly higher during the first 6 h after feeding, was not different 8 h after feeding and was significantly lower thereafter. Net portal glucose flux was higher for maize starch than for pea starch (1759 and 1265 mmoV12 h respectively; SED 182; P = 0.054). Net portal lactate flux was not significantly different between maize and pea starches (36.5 and 67.2 mmoUl2 h respectively; SED 24.1; P = 0.27) and net portal VFA flux was lower for maize starch than for pea starch (169 and 218 mmoUl2 h respectively; SED 18; P = 0.054). Net portal fluxes of valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, arginine, serine, cystine, tyrosine, lysine, histidine and the sum of essential amino acids tended to be or were higher (Pc0.1 or P

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The leukocyte was selected as an accessible example of an actively metabolizing cell. Plasma and leukocyte amino acids (AA) were studied in a reference group and a group of 12 patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. Differences in the plasma AA were variable; some were higher and others lower in concentration in the infused group. Leukocyte AA concentrations were almost all higher in the infused group and the AA pattern was less altered than in plasma. An explanation of the changes is proposed which helps to clarify the relationship of plasma to cellular AA changes.

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Objective: To search for evidence of subclinical neurotoxicity in patients treated with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate. Design : Prospective, controlled, triplicate study using urinary bismuth concentration, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nerve conduction studies, visual evoked response and a battery of 10 neuropsychological screening tests. Setting: Out-patient clinics, Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, UK. Subjects : Fourteen dyspeptic patients : 8 (treatment group) treated with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate one tablet q.d.s and 6 (control group) treated with ranitidine 150 mg b.d. for 8 weeks. Main outcome measures: Changes in urinary bismuth, MRI, nerve conduction studies, visual evoked response, and neuropsychological tests performed before, immediately after and 8 weeks after the cessation of treatment. A 42 (12-54) 46 (9-64) 42 (7-60) A 0.67 (0.5-0.82) 0.68 (0.584.84) 0.70 (0.66-0.88) B 0 64 (0.60-0.86) 0.71 (0.54-0.76) 0.70 (0.56-0.82) Visual evoked response Latency P100-right eye to right cortex, pattern 1" arc at 1 metre (milliseconds) A 104 (98.4-114) 103 (95.7-114) 103 (95.1-106) B 104 (94.2-114) 102 (95.1-115) 103 (93.9-108) ~~ ~~ ' Results reported as median (range): A = treatment group. B = control group. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1994. vol. 8.