BackgroundThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial therapy knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary care physicians in the West Bank and Gaza.MethodsBetween January and April 2021, this cross-sectional survey was conducted. A link to the online survey was sent via confidential email lists to 336 primary care physicians who treated patients in Ministry of Health clinics. The survey questions scoring system was devised in order to evaluate the physicians’ practice, knowledge, and attitudes. Our scoring system identified favorable (good) and unfavorable (average and poor) antibiotic practices. In addition to independent t-test, the Chi-square test was used to compare the two groups of physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices with their background characteristics. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential confounding variables having significant relationships.ResultsOf the 336 distributed questionnaires, 316 were completed, with a response rate of 94%. More than half (54.7%) were males, half (51.6%) were between 30 and 45 years of age, and most were general practitioners (74.1%). The overall good knowledge and attitude scores were 125 (39.6%) and 194 (61.4%), respectively. More than half (58.2%) had good antibiotic prescription practices. Females reported significantly more favorable practices than males, as did family medicine specialists compared with general practitioners. Finally, knowledge about antibiotic prescriptions had a substantial impact on changing their practices. However, physicians’ attitudes toward antibiotic prescriptions did not have a significant role in shaping their practices.ConclusionOveruse of antibiotics is a significant health issue in Palestine and worldwide. Most physicians know that improper antibiotic usage can cause antimicrobial resistance. More than two-thirds avoided needless antimicrobial prescriptions. In practicing antimicrobial stewardship, most prescribed fewer antibiotics and did not prescribe because of patient pressure. Family medicine specialists, female doctors, and those with high knowledge scores regardless of caseload were more likely to have good practices.

Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental health disorders among the elderly worldwide. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of depression and anxiety and related risk factor among elderly attending PHC centers in Palestine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample size of 380 participants aged ≥60 attending PHC centers in West Bank, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. We used the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 and the Geriatric Anxiety Scale to screen for depression and anxiety, respectively.We analyzed data using descriptive and analytical statistics and employed logistic regression model to identify predictors of depression and anxiety. Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 41.1% and 39.2%, respectively. Eldely people living in rural areas (aOR 2.6, 95%CI: 1.7-4.2), uneducated (aOR 2.9, 95%CI: 1.4-6.1), and without monthly income (aOR 3.4, 95%CI: 1.5-7.6) were more likely to have depression. On the other hand, anxiety is independently assosciated with living in rural areas (aOR 1.9, 95%CI: 1.2-3.0) and having non-communicable diseases (aOR 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.5). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are common in Palestine, a developing country with a lack of elderly-related services. This should be emphasized at the national and regional levels where geriatric health care services are scarce. Such information is required by policymakers and external funding agencies in order to develop future agendas