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Objective This study aims to assess the psychometric values of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-Revised (GADS-R) which measures the intensity and duration of worry, various coping and avoidance strategies to cope with worrying, and positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about worrying.Methods 114 patients with generalized anxiety disorder and 198 healthy controls were included in the study. These patients were diagnosed according to DSM-IV TR, and the primary diagnosis of the patients was generalized anxiety disorder which was confirmed via SCID I and II, subsequently. Sociodemographic form, GADS-R total and subscale scores, and Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7), and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) were used to assess validity, reliability and cut-off point.Results GADS-R total and subscale scores and MCQ-30, BDI, BAI, GAD-7, and PSWQ were found to be statistically higher in the patients with GAD compared to a healthy control group. GADS-R has five factors and showed relatively acceptable sensitivity and specificity for detecting anxiety disorders at a cut-off point of 1188.Conclusion The GADS-R is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in the Turkish population as an assessment tool.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Cognitive Attentional Syndrome-1 (CAS-1) questionnaire. Methods 221 participants were included in the study who do not meet any psychiatric diagnosis. Participants were applied SCID I and II and filled CAS-1 scale, Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale, and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Testing the reliability Cronbach’s alpha, item analysis and Item and total score correlation coefficients were applied. For testing structural validity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used, and for testing the content validity, the relationship between each item of CAS-1 and MCQ-30, BDI, BAI, GAD-7, PSWQ was examined. Results The correlation reliability coefficients were statistically significant except for using alcohol/drugs as a coping mechanism. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of 16 items was 0.771 whereas, this ratio was 0.772 for the first eight items (CAS) and 0.685 for the last eight items (Metacognitive Beliefs) which showed that the internal consistency of CAS-1 was high. Structural and Content Validity of the scale was significant. Conclusion The Turkish version of the CAS-1 was a reliable and valid measure to evaluate CAS in a Turkish population.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate genotypic and allelic differences by comparing the Vitamin D (Vit-D) receptor (VDR) gene BsmI (rs1544410) and CDX2 (rs11568820) polymorphisms in healthy Turks and healthy Somalians living in Turkiye. Materials and Methods:The study involved 100 healthy Turkish individuals and 60 healthy Somali individuals residing in Turkiye for at least 5 years. The genotyping study was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and allele-specific PCR methods. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the possible differences between groups using the Chi-square and Student's t tests for pair-wise comparisons.Results: According to the data obtained in the study with regard to the BsmI (rs1544410 A/G) and CDX2 (rs11568820 A/G) genotypes, no statistically significant difference was determined to be present regarding the frequency of carrying the mutant GG genotype in the two groups (p = 0.95 and p = 0.221, respectively). Conclusion:The study has found no significant genotypic or allelic difference to be present in terms of the BsmI (rs1544410) and CDX2 (rs11568820) gene variants between healthy Turkish individuals and Somali individuals who have spent most of their lives exposed to less sunlight while living in Turkiye for the past five years.