Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most frequent problems in life of an adult female. Accurate analysis of endometrium & localization of intrauterine lesion is the goal to effective management & better outcome of problem. Aims & Objective: To evaluate various histopathological features in D & C and/or hysterectomy in patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding and to find the efficacy of D & C as a better, cost effective and minimally invasive tool for screening in patients with AUB. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Pathology, tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India over a period of one and half years. A total 320 patients aged 20 years & above, presenting with AUB were included. Endometrial samples were analysed, histopathological changes identified and classified. Results: Age of patients ranged from 21 to 70 years mean age being 42.6 ± 6.9 years, maximum patients (53.4%) belonged to 41-50 years of age group. Most common histopathological pattern was normal cyclical endometrium (47.3%) followed by endometrial hyperplasia (42.9%). Endometrial hyperplasia was most common (57.1%) in perimenopausal age group (41-50 years). The diagnostic accuracy of D &C was found to be 93.4%; amongst all histopathological patterns it was maximum for complex hyperplasia (typical and atypical) and simple atypical hyperplasia. Conclusion: Endometrial causes of AUB are age related therefore it is specially recommended in women of perimenopausal age group to rule out preneoplastic and neoplastic etiology. D & C is an accurate, minimally invasive outdoor procedure for detecting endometrial pathology especially hyperplasia.

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Introduction: Infertility is a major public health problem across worldwide and in India. As per WHO, 60 to 80 million couples worldwide currently suffer from infertility. The role of female reproductive tract infection, symptomatic or asymptomatic, is well recognized. Studies reveal that Candida albicans have spermimmobilizing property which might lead to infertility. Keeping this in mind the present study was done. Aim: To screen infertile females for vaginal candidiasis. Material & Methods: 100 infertile women were screened for vaginal candidiasis. High Vaginal swab collected from them were processed for fungal culture using conventional methods. Anti-Fungal susceptibility testing was done for all the isolates of Candida spp. as per guidelines. Results: 17% of the patients suffered from vaginal candidiasis. Candida albicans followed by Candida tropicalis were the most common isolates. None of the isolates were resistant to Amphotericin B and Nystatin while maximum resistance was shown for Fluconazole. Conclusion: There was more predominance of non albicans Candida in the study thereby showing a change in causative agent of vaginal candidiasis. Moreover since studies show sperm-immobilising property of Candida spp., infertile women should be routinely screened for vaginal candidiasis.