The present paper is to know how the work is carried out in the field of biomechanics of knee. Various model formulations are discussed and further classified into mathematical model, two-dimensional model and three-dimensional model. Knee geometry is a crucial part of human body movement, in which how various views of knee is shown in different planes and how the forces act on tibia and femur are studied. It leads to know the forces acting on the knee joint. Experimental studies of knee geometry and forces acting on knee shown by various researchers have been discussed, and comparisons of results are made. In addition, static and dynamic analysis of knee has been also discussed respectively to some extent.

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Free body diagram is drawn to compute the various forces and torques acting on hip joint. The FEA models for hip joint and acetabular cup are drawn with the help of CT Scan reports. The stress distribution and deformations are then obtained by using finite element analysis. Contact stresses, contact area radius and maximum pressure are obtained. Modeling of the hip joint and acetabular cup was done and stress distribution was also determined. Since the thigh bone is slender, it was analyzed both manually and through software for buckling. This analysis is performed in order to predict the failure of bones in the hip joint.

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