Objective To describe and compare the characteristics of women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and their pregnancy outcomes according to the presence of placenta praevia and a prior caesarean section. Design Prospective population‐based study. Setting All 176 maternity hospitals of eight French regions. Population Two hundred and forty‐nine women with PAS, from a source population of 520 114 deliveries. Methods Women with PAS were classified into two risk‐profile groups, with or without the high‐risk combination of placenta praevia (or an anterior low‐lying placenta) and at least one prior caesarean. These two groups were described and compared. Main outcome measures Population‐based incidence of PAS, characteristics of women, pregnancies, deliveries and pregnancy outcomes. Results The PAS population‐based incidence was 4.8/10 000 (95% CI 4.2–5.4/10 000). After exclusion of women lost to follow up from the analysis, the group with placenta praevia and a prior caesarean included 115 (48%) women and the group without this combination included 127 (52%). In the group with both factors, PAS was more often suspected antenatally (77% versus 17%; P < 0.001) and more often percreta (38% versus 5%; P < 0.001). This group also had more hysterectomies (53% versus 21%, P < 0.001) and higher rates of blood product transfusions, maternal complications, preterm births and neonatal intensive care unit admissions. Sensitivity analysis showed similar results after exclusion of women who delivered vaginally. Conclusion More than half the cases of PAS occurred in women without the combination of placenta praevia and a prior caesarean delivery, and these women had better maternal and neonatal outcomes. We cannot completely rule out that some of the women who delivered vaginally had placental retention rather than PAS; however, we found similar results among women who delivered by caesarean. Tweetable abstract Half the women with PAS do not have both placenta praevia and a prior caesarean delivery, and they have better maternal outcomes.

Background: With ever-increasing digitization, the internet has intertwined into the daily lives of users to a large extent. It holds tremendous educational benefits to college students; however, its excessive usage can lead to addiction and even psychological morbidities. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with various factors including depression, anxiety, and stress. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students of two professional colleges, i.e., medical and engineering colleges in the Jammu region. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit the information regarding socio-demographic and personal details of students. Young's internet addiction scale was used to assess internet addiction, whereas the DASS 42 scale was used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. Data thus collected were analyzed using the PSPP software. Results: A total of 480 students constituted the study population. The prevalence of internet addiction was found to be 78.7%, with a significantly higher prevalence seen among the male students in comparison to females ( P < 0.005). A significantly positive correlation of internet addiction was found with depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusions: Internet addiction is significantly associated with psychopathology among the respondents. In this context, there is an urgent need to develop effective strategies for the prevention of internet addiction by promoting awareness among the students.

Background: Psycho-social health problems are an area of concern worldwide especially among students pursuing professional courses. The competition for grades, carrier insecurity often contribute to various emotional disturbances such as stress, anxiety and depression. Aims and Objectives: to determine the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in students of two main professional streams (medical & engineering) and to find out various factors associated with them. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of medical and engineering stream using DASS 42 scale. Further a self administered, pretested questionnaire was used to elucidate information on socio-demographic and personal characteristics. Results: Out of a total of 480 students (300 MBBS and 180 Engineering), prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in medical & engineering students was 47.6 %, 68.6%, 43.7% and 41.1%, 71.1 % & 40.0 % respectively. On Multiple Regression analysis, relationship with family members emerged as a significant independent predictor for all the three psychogenic factors. Conclusions: A high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was found among students of both the streams. There is a need to introduce simple counselling and stress management techniques in curriculum to combat such morbidities

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED), though an important complication of T2DM is grossly under reported in this part of the world. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of ED in T2DM men in northern India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2018 among male patients with T2DM in the medical OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Jammu. IIEF- international index of erectile function was the tool used in the present study.Results: ED prevalence was 62.08%. Among socio-demographic variables, age was significantly associated with ED (p<0.05) while no association was found with education, occupation and family income. Smoking as a life style and hypertension as a co-morbid condition were significantly associated with ED (p<0.05). Duration of diabetes and type of diabetic complications were also found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Prevalence of ED in T2DM men was quiet high in this region of India. Preventive interventions, early diagnosis and detection of T2DM along with treatment adherence to prevent diabetic complications is strongly recommended. Further research is recommended to establish temporal causality of ED in T2DM.

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