No abstract

It would be a major error to take the decade of the 1970s as the prototype for minerals-based development. The resource curse hypothesis seems anomalous as development economics, since on the surface it has no clear policy implication, but stands as a sad prediction. Minerals are not a curse at all in the sense of inevitability; the curse, where it exists, is self-fulfilling. Needless to say, policies and institutions have to be framed to local circumstances, country by country. But with good intentions and innovative thinking, there is no reason why resource-rich countries need fall prey to the curse.

Background: Inguinal hernia repair by Desarda method provides a new concept of repair maintaining the physiology of inguinal canal. Repair without mesh gives another benefit of cost-effectiveness and freeing of foreign body-related complications. Objective: To observe the outcome of inguinal hernia repair by Desarda method as an alternative to most popular Lichtenstein repair. Materials and Methods: The longitudinal study was conducted from July 2012 to June 2015. A total of 184 patients with uncomplicated inguinal hernia were included in our study. After operation pain was assessed by visual analog score (VAS). In each follow-up, pain was scored and gait was assessed. Patients were seen during follow-up at 7 and 30 days, and 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. The secondary outcomes were general and local complications, length of time to return to various levels of everyday activity, and abdominal wall stiffness in the groin area. SPSS, version 16.0, software programs were used for statistical calculation. Result: Of 184 patients recruited, 81% were men and 19% were women. Mean age was 45.42 years, SD ±10.08. A total of 63% patients in this study belong to low socioeconomic class. In the first postoperative day (POD), 73 patients felt mild pain and on third POD majority (168) felt only mild pain. Only 6.5% patients developed postoperative complications, mainly surgical site infection. A significant number of (49%) patients showed attribution of normal gait in second POD and 42% patients in third POD. A total of 98.37% patients had no complaint of chronic pain. 99% patients had no recurrence, and only 1% again developed inguinal hernia. Conclusion: As the outcome of this relatively new method is good. So, this physiologically sound technique can be widely practiced in our country as evident from our result.

Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) is establishing itself as a new and sustainable solution to mass transit against the conventional transit systems in many cities across the globe as well as in India. Different BRTSs have adopted various case-specific solutions to make the system contextual to the place, user-friendly, strategic, technologically advanced, and ecologically sustainable. In most cases, the most favoured solution is governed by aspects related to available infrastructure, budgetary allocations, demand and behavioral patterns of passengers, and areas of focus. The paper makes a critical appraisal of various parameters contributing to the implementation of BRTS services across the world and applicability of the same in India. It also deals with how the application of a new transportation system affects the surrounding area and with the resulting various social and physical impacts. As a conclusion, this paper establishes that successful BRTS must combine proper station design, track design, maintained vehicles and running ways with backup infrastructure, educated and updated drivers and workforce, public cautiousness, and system-backed information technology. Further, it concludes that the institutional framework needs revamping in Indian scenario for successful implementation of BRTS projects.

No abstract