Although both the regimens had different toxicity profiles the quality of life was better for patients on the AC-P regimen.

Background: Mimosa pudica is a traditionally used folk medicine to treat various disorders like infections, anxiety, depression, bleeding disorders, convulsions, rheumatoid arthritis, muscular pain, asthma, snake bite etc. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Mimosa pudica whole plant (HAEMPWP) in rats.Methods: HAEMPWP was prepared using Soxhlets apparatus. Acute toxicity tests were done with HAEMPWP given orally to albino rats in increasing doses up to 3200 mg/ kg body weight. The anti-inflammatory action was evaluated by Carrageenan induced paw edema method. Thirty albino rats were grouped into five groups and each contained six rats. Group I (control group) received distilled water orally. Group II (standard) received Aspirin orally dissolved in distilled water. Groups III, IV and V received HAEMPWP in doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800mg/kg orally dissolved in distilled water. Data analysis was done by one way ANOVA and unpaired t test using SPSS 16 for windows.Results: HAEMPWP showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity as compared to control. There was no statistically significant dose dependent increase in the anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusions: HAEMPWP possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity and could be an effective treatment option for various inflammatory conditions.

Polyvinyl Alcohol is a synthetic alcohol used as a binder, film former, and viscosity increasing agent in a wide range of cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 13%. Typical molecular weights range from 25,000 to 300,000. The acute oral LD 50 in rats is reported to be >10 g/kg in one study and >21.5 g/kg in another. Dermal exposures of 5 and 13 weeks (the latter using 13% Polyvinyl Alcohol) produced no significant effects in rats. Various organ lesions and hypertension were noted in rats following repeated subcutaneous or intravenous dosing. Central nervous system depression and anemia, followed by renal damage, was seen in beagle dogs given daily intravenous injections of Polyvinyl Alcohol for a week. Several studies tested the carcinogenicity of subcutaneous implants of Polyvinyl Alcohol sponges or powder. Although the majority of these studies were positive, tumors were localized to the site of implantation. In another study in which Polyvinyl Alcohol was used as the vehicle for another agent and tested itself as the vehicle control, Polyvinyl Alcohol had no effect on the incidence of histiocytic sarcoma. Although no data were available assessing the reproductive or developmental toxicity, these endpoints were not considered to be likely with external exposure to this polymer. Polyvinyl Alcohol was not an ocular irritant in animal or clinical studies, nor was it a sensitizer. Some evidence of dermal irritation in animal and clinical studies was seen, but in the clinical studies it was not considered clinically significant. Based on these data, it was concluded that Polyvinyl Alcohol is safe as used in cosmetic formulations.The following report reviews the data available on Polyvinyl Alcohol applicable to its cosmetic use. CHEMISTRY Definition and Structure

Sodium C14-16 OlefinSulfonate, Sodium C12-14 Olefin Sulfonate, Sodium C 14-18 Olefin Sulfonate, and Sodium C16-18 Olefin Sulfonate are the Sodium α-Olefin Sulfonates used in cosmetics as surfactant-cleansing agents. The highest concentration reportedly is 16% in shampoos and bath and shower products. These ingredients are a mixture of long-chain sulfonate salts prepared by sulfonation of α-olefins of various carbon chain lengths noted as subscripts. In the manufacture of these ingredients, delta and gamma sultones may be produced. Sodium α-Olefin Sulfonates are poorly absorbed through normal skin, but are significantly absorbed through damaged skin. Acute oral LD50 values were 1.3 2.4g/kg in rats and 2.5-4.3 g/kg in mice. Short-term toxicity studies using rats showed no consistent effects, even with exposures in the 0.5-1.0 g/kg range. Concentrations above 10% produced moderate ocular irritation and a concentration of 5% produced mild ocular irritation in rabbits. In reproductive and developmental toxicity studies, fetal abnormalities were noted, but only at doses that were maternally toxic. Genotoxicity data were mostly negative and oral and dermal carcinogenicity studies were negative. Various animal and clinical studies found irritation and sensitization. Sensitization was attributed to low level gamma sultone residues. Because gamma sultones are demonstrated sensitizers at very low levels, it was concluded that any product containing Sodium α-Olefin Sulfonates should have very little gamma sultone residues. The gamma sultone levels should not exceed 10 ppm for saturated (alkane) sultones, 1 ppm for chloro-sultones, and 0.1 ppm for unsaturated sultones. Sodium α-Olefin Sulfonates are otherwise considered safe for use in rinse-off products. Based on concerns about irritation, were Sodium α-Olefin Sulfonates to be used in leave-on products, it was concluded that concentrations should not exceed 2% for such uses.