Abstract. Artificial neural network (ANN) is a discipline which is used to calculate the nonlinear problem in the late 1980s. The BP neural network is widely used. It has been widely used in engineering because of its nonlinear mapping ability, self-learning ability, associative memory ability, parallel information processing mode and its excellent fault tolerance ability. The main functions of the system are pattern recognition, function approximation, data compression and prediction. Because of the huge amount of computation in the practical calculation of BP neural network model to help launch by the American Mathwork company MATLAB software, MATLAB software and BP neural network toolbox, can efficiently complete the project tasks. MATLAB software package BP tools function in mathematical calculation, graphic calculation, computer simulation and other aspects to provide a convenient tool for the research and design of neural network, to overcome the complexity of the problem, the advanced computer language programming language is simple, convenient debugging program, high operation efficiency, has very important application prospect.

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: Using a modified dot-probe task, the present research examined the time-course of attentional bias for culture-related cues in Mongolian-Chinese bilinguals. Design/methodology/approach: Using a mixed experimental design, children with different language fluency (fluent bilingual, limited bilingual and mandarin monolingual) were recruited ( N = 168; 51% boys; Mage = 9.88 years, SD = 0.38 years; 59% Mongolian) to complete a dot-probe task in which they were shown pairs of pictures representing Mongolian and Han culture for short (60 ms) and long (500 ms) exposure durations. The difference between fluent and limited bilinguals lies in their proficiency in Mongolian. Data and analysis: The attentional bias scores ( d) were entered into a 2 × 3 mixed design repeated-measures analysis of variance with language fluency (fluent bilingual versus limited bilingual versus monolingual) as a between-subjects variable and the time-course (60 versus 500 ms) as a within-subject variable. Findings/conclusions: In the task, compared with pictures representing Han culture, all students showed preferential attention to pictures conveying Mongolian culture across presentation durations. However, for 60 ms, fluent bilinguals showed a smaller attentional bias than did monolinguals, with no difference between limited bilinguals and monolinguals; there was no significant difference among the three groups at 500 ms. Originality: Relatively less research has been performed on comparative analysis between fluent and non-fluent bilinguals, and most of the culture-related content is measured by subjective methods. This study attempts to directly compare these two bilinguals’ attentional bias for culture-related cues using a dot-probe task. Significance/implications: The results of comparative analysis showed that fluent bilinguals were more familiar with Mongolian language and preserved their ethnic culture better, which may indicate a close relationship between language and culture.

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Developing software for distributed computing systems is challenging due t o lack of good software development methodologies f o r distributed computing systems. It is very important t o develop reliable, adaptable and expandable application software for distributed computing systems. Autonomous Decentralized Systems (ADS is a on-line maintainability and fault-tolerance capability. In this paper, a framework f o r developing A D S application software is presented. Our framework consists of objectoriented requirements analysis, system design, implementation, allocation, verification .and maintenance. It is based on the object-oriented computation model developed f o r A D S application software development which supports on-line expandability and on-line modifiability. CASE environments for A D S software development are also discussed.